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GERECHTELIJKE PRIVAATRECHT 2020-2021
1
,Inhoudsopgave
LEERSTUK 1: SITUERING VAN HET GERECHTELIJK PRIVAATRECHT............................................................................................. 5
WAAROM IS HET GERECHTELIJK PRIVAATRECHT NODIG................................................................................................................5
GERECHTELIJK PRIVAATRECHT OF BURGERLIJK PROCESRECHT.......................................................................................................5
HOOFDSTUK 1: BRONNEN VAN HET BURGERLIJKE PROCESRECHT..................................................................................................6
HOOFDSTUK 2: KARAKTER VAN HET BURGERLIJK PROCESRECHT...................................................................................................6
HOOFDSTUK 3: TOEPASSINGSGEBIED..............................................................................................................................................6
RATIONE PERSONAE....................................................................................................................................................................6
RATIONE MATERIAE.....................................................................................................................................................................6
RATIONE TEMPORIS.....................................................................................................................................................................7
RATIONE LOCI..............................................................................................................................................................................7
HOOFDSTUK 4: DE BASICS................................................................................................................................................................7
Recht op een toegang tot de rechter..........................................................................................................................................7
Recht op een onpartijdige rechter..............................................................................................................................................8
Recht op onafhankelijke rechter.................................................................................................................................................8
Recht op een eerlijk en openbaar proces....................................................................................................................................8
LEERSTUK 2: ORGANISATIE EN WERKING VAN HET GERECHT.................................................................................................... 9
HOOFDSTUK 1: ORGANEN VAN DE RECHTELIJKE MACHT EN MAGISTRATEN.................................................................................9
HOOFDSTUK 5: LEDEN VAN DE GRIFFIE- LEDEN VAN HET PARKETSECRETARIAAT – DE STEUNDIENSTEN...................................10
HOOFDSTUK 7: DE BALIE................................................................................................................................................................10
HOOFDSTUK 8: DE GERECHTSDEURWAARDERS............................................................................................................................11
LEERSTUK 3: RECHTSVORDERING EN EIS................................................................................................................................. 12
GESCHILLENBESLECHTING IN 3 NIVEAUS.......................................................................................................................................12
RECHTSVORDERING.......................................................................................................................................................................12
EIS IN RECHTE.................................................................................................................................................................................13
LEERSTUK 4: STARTEN VAN EEN PROCEDURE......................................................................................................................... 15
TEGENSPREKELIJKE PROCEDURE VERSUS EENZIJDIG VERZOEKSCHRIFT.......................................................................................15
RECHTSBIJSTAND EN JURIDISCHE BIJSTAND..................................................................................................................................15
MINNELIJKE SCHIKKING.................................................................................................................................................................15
WIJZE VAN RECHTSINGANG...........................................................................................................................................................16
De dagvaarding..........................................................................................................................................................................16
Het verzoekschrift......................................................................................................................................................................16
De vrijwillige verschijning..........................................................................................................................................................17
ROLSTELLING EN DOSSIER VAN DE RECHTSPLEGING.....................................................................................................................17
LEERSTUK 5: INLEIDENDE ZITTING EN INSTAATSTELLING......................................................................................................... 18
VERSCHIJNING VAN DE PARTIJEN OP DE INLEIDENDE ZITTING.....................................................................................................18
KORTE DEBATTEN...........................................................................................................................................................................18
INSTAATSTELLING..........................................................................................................................................................................18
Mededeling en neerlegging van overtuigingsstukken (art 870 Ger.W.)...................................................................................18
Mededeling en neerlegging conclusies (art 736-737-740 Ger.W.)...........................................................................................18
Vaststelling rechtsdag................................................................................................................................................................19
TUSSENGESCHILLEN.......................................................................................................................................................................19
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,LEERSTUK 6: DE PLEITZITTING OF DE RECHTSDAG................................................................................................................... 21
TERECHTZITTING............................................................................................................................................................................21
UITSTEL, VERWIJZING EN VOORTZETTING.....................................................................................................................................21
SLUITING VAN DE DEBATTEN.........................................................................................................................................................21
ADVIES VAN HET OPENBAAR MINISTERIE......................................................................................................................................22
HEROPENING VAN DE DEBATTEN..................................................................................................................................................22
LEERSTUK 7: HET VONNIS....................................................................................................................................................... 23
SOORTEN........................................................................................................................................................................................23
TOTSTANDKOMING EN VORM.......................................................................................................................................................23
MOTIVERINGSVERPLICHTING........................................................................................................................................................24
GERECHTSKOSTEN..........................................................................................................................................................................24
GEVOLGEN.....................................................................................................................................................................................24
UITLEGGING, VERBETERING EN AANVULLING...............................................................................................................................24
LEERSTUK 8: HET VERSTEK, KORT GEDING EN EENZIJDIG VERZOEKSCHRIFT.............................................................................26
HET VERSTEK..................................................................................................................................................................................26
KORT GEDING.................................................................................................................................................................................26
EENZIJDIG VERZOEKSCHRIFT..........................................................................................................................................................26
LEERSTUK 9: DE BEVOEGDHEID (WELKOM BIJ DE RECHTER).................................................................................................... 27
ALGEMENE BEGRIPPEN..................................................................................................................................................................27
MATERIELE BEVOEGDHEID............................................................................................................................................................28
Voorwerp van de hoofdvordering.............................................................................................................................................28
Waarde van de hoofdvordering................................................................................................................................................28
Hoedanigheid van de partijen...................................................................................................................................................28
Urgentie.....................................................................................................................................................................................28
WELKE RECHTBANK MET WELKE MATERIËLE BEVOEGDHEID.......................................................................................................28
Ondernemingsrechtbank...........................................................................................................................................................29
De arbeidsrechtbank.................................................................................................................................................................29
De voorzitters van de REA, Orb. en de Arbeidsrechtbank.........................................................................................................29
Het vredegerecht.......................................................................................................................................................................30
De politierechtbank...................................................................................................................................................................30
Hof van beroep..........................................................................................................................................................................30
Arbeidshof.................................................................................................................................................................................30
Hof van Cassatie........................................................................................................................................................................30
Arrondissementsrechtbank.......................................................................................................................................................30
DE IMPACT VAN TUSSENGESCHILLEN............................................................................................................................................31
TERRITORIALE BEVOEGDHEID........................................................................................................................................................31
BEVOEGDHEIDSCONFLICTEN..........................................................................................................................................................32
Leerstuk 10: het bewijsrecht.................................................................................................................................................. 33
Inleiding..........................................................................................................................................................................................33
Bewijslast.......................................................................................................................................................................................33
Bewijsmiddelen..............................................................................................................................................................................33
Bewijsregels van het Gerechtelijk Wetboek...................................................................................................................................33
Overlegging van de stukken......................................................................................................................................................33
Schriftonderzoek........................................................................................................................................................................34
Vaslheidsprocedure...................................................................................................................................................................34
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, Getuigenverhoor.......................................................................................................................................................................34
Overlegging van de schriftelijke verklaringen...........................................................................................................................34
Deskundigenonderzoek.............................................................................................................................................................35
Persoonlijke verschijning van de partijen..................................................................................................................................35
Horen van een minderjarige......................................................................................................................................................35
Eedaflegging..............................................................................................................................................................................35
Plaatsopneming.........................................................................................................................................................................35
Vaststelling van overspel door de gerechtsdeurwaarder.........................................................................................................35
LEERSTUK 11 RECHTSMIDDELEN............................................................................................................................................. 37
Algemene bepalingen....................................................................................................................................................................37
GEWONE RECHTSMIDDELEN..........................................................................................................................................................38
Hoger beroep.............................................................................................................................................................................38
Verzet.........................................................................................................................................................................................40
DE BUITENGEWONE RECHTSMIDDELEN........................................................................................................................................40
Voorziening in cassatie..............................................................................................................................................................40
Derdenverzet.............................................................................................................................................................................41
Verzoek tot de herroeping van gewijsde...................................................................................................................................42
Verhaal op de rechter................................................................................................................................................................42
Vordering tot intrekking............................................................................................................................................................42
LEERSTUK 12 PROCESRECHTELIJKE EXCEPTIES (SENSU STRICTO) – SANCTIEREGELING.............................................................45
Proceshandeling vs rechtssprekende handeling............................................................................................................................45
Miskenning van de vormvereisten.................................................................................................................................................45
Miskenning van de termijnvereisten..............................................................................................................................................46
Wachttermijn.............................................................................................................................................................................46
Vervaltermijn.............................................................................................................................................................................46
Gevolgen van de sanctieregeling...................................................................................................................................................48
Oefeningen uit de les met betrekking tot de termijnen.................................................................................................................48
Herhalingsoefeningen............................................................................................................................................................ 50
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