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Epidemiology Notes
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Epidemiology notes with a focus on research design and ethics, with included seminars.
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Epidemiology .÷÷÷wm
..
"
÷:::.im .
, Tuesday
th
June
iyya
16 sow
Modernttpproaehtocl inicalfpidemiologyclinical
Epidemiology
=
occurrence of an outdone as a function of das within a certain clinical
utf domain .
→
for & patients
relevant clinical
knowledge both
physicians
→
with the occurrence relation
the aim to
quantify
→
with the aim to facilitate applicability in clinical practice
Historic Background
t.FI/ardGr9gen tnerD
9950 -
present Historic faces
"
aim " the field
&
"
'
"
Titian
Prognosis
↳ quantification & Depth model
↳ in medicine
numbers
↳ communicable & non -
communicable diseases
-
John Snow
communicable disease
↳
mostly
EVIDENCE BASED MED icing
+
Bradford Hill
↳
clinical Practice
1 .
diagnostic knowledge ( what's wrong with this
patient? )
2 .
Etiologic knowledge ( why is this patient in ? )
3 .
prognostic knowledge ( what will happen if I don't intervene? )
4 . t therapeutic knowledge ( what will be the
effects of an intervention? )
Research
1 . Causal Research etiologic research 2. Descriptive Research
+
explain the occurrence of outcome t
describe the occurrence of an outcome
+
causality assessment t
predict presence of disease ( diagnosis )
+
+
causality implies rolling out other potential causes
predict course of disease (prognosis )
? does disease?
the determinant cause the
° &
causality & confounding is no issue
9
o
does the intervention cause improvement in outcome ? & more useful for medical (clinical practice
* don't
forget the confounder (extraneous determinants ) .
I this research is multifactorial (Mam this!Tessa for)
ex .
To what extent does alcohol consumption cause lung cancer? ex .
algorithms are created and used to predict risk of a
patient for a disease .
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