Summary
summary of cognition and behavior part 2
- Course
- Institution
- Book
the second part of the summary for cognition and behavior for the final test
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
TEST BANK FOR BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 13TH EDITION, JAMES W. KALA.
-
Test Bank For Biological Psychology 13th Edition By James W.Kalat (All Chapters) Updated Version 2024 A+
-
TEST BANK For Biological Psychology 13th Edition, James W. Kalat, All Chapters 1 - 14, Complete Newest Version
Seller
Follow
irisbontan
Content preview
InhoudChapter 8 everyday memory and memory errors .................................................................... 4
Autobiographical memory: what has happened in my life ................................................. 4
Memory of “exceptional” events ............................................................................................. 4
Memory and emotion ............................................................................................................ 4
Flashbulb memories ................................................................................................................ 4
The constructive nature of memory......................................................................................... 5
How real-world knowledge affects memory ...................................................................... 5
Memory can be modified or created by suggestion ............................................................ 5
Creating false memories for early events in people’s lives ............................................... 5
Why do people make errors in eyewitness testimony? ......................................................... 5
12.3 storing information in the nervous system ........................................................................... 6
Blind alleys and abandoned mines ......................................................................................... 6
Learning and the Hebbian synapse ........................................................................................ 6
Single-cell mechanisms of invertebrate behavior change ............................................... 6
Alysia as an experimental animal......................................................................................... 6
Habituation in Aplysia ........................................................................................................... 6
Sensitization in Aplysia ............................................................................................................ 6
Long-term potentiation in vertebrates .................................................................................... 7
Biochemical mechanism ....................................................................................................... 7
Improving memory ..................................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 8 The adaptive mind ...................................................................................................... 9
How do animals respond to their environment? .................................................................... 9
What are the three main types of learning? .......................................................................... 9
What is classical conditioning?............................................................................................... 10
Classical conditioning terminology .................................................................................... 10
Classical conditioning phenomena ................................................................................... 10
Cognitive and biological influences on classical conditioning ..................................... 10
Applying classical conditioning .......................................................................................... 10
What is operant conditioning? ............................................................................................... 11
Types of consequences ....................................................................................................... 11
Schedules of reinforcement ................................................................................................ 11
The method of successive approximations (shaping) ..................................................... 11
, Cognitive biological and social influences on operant conditioning ........................... 11
Applying operant conditioning .......................................................................................... 12
What is observational learning? ............................................................................................. 12
Albert Bandura and Aggression ......................................................................................... 12
Cultural transmissions of learning ........................................................................................ 12
Chapter 9 knowledge ................................................................................................................. 12
How are objects placed into categories .............................................................................. 12
Is there a psychologically “privileged” level of categories? .............................................. 13
Representing relationships between categories: semantic networks ............................... 13
Representing concepts in networks: the connectionist approach ................................... 13
The representation of concepts in the brain ........................................................................ 14
Something to consider ............................................................................................................. 14
Chapter 11 language.................................................................................................................. 14
What is language? ................................................................................................................... 14
The creativity of human language ..................................................................................... 14
Studying language ............................................................................................................... 14
Perceiving phonemes, words and letters .............................................................................. 15
Components of words.......................................................................................................... 15
How perceiving sounds and letters is affected by meaning .......................................... 15
Understanding words ............................................................................................................... 15
The word frequency effect.................................................................................................. 15
Lexical ambiguity .................................................................................................................. 15
Understanding sentences ....................................................................................................... 15
Semantic and syntax ............................................................................................................ 15
Understanding sentences: parsing ..................................................................................... 15
Understanding text and stories ............................................................................................... 16
Situation models .................................................................................................................... 16
Producing language: conversations ..................................................................................... 16
Something to consider ............................................................................................................. 16
Culture, language and cognition ...................................................................................... 16
Chapter 12 problem solving ....................................................................................................... 16
What is a problem? .................................................................................................................. 16
The Gestalt approach: problem solving as representation and restructuring ................. 17
Obstacles to problem solving ............................................................................................. 17
, The information-processing approach: problem solving as a search process ................ 17
Using analogies to solve problems ......................................................................................... 17
How experts solve problems ................................................................................................... 18
Creative problem solving ........................................................................................................ 18
Generating ideas .................................................................................................................. 18
Something to consider ............................................................................................................. 18
Chapter 13 judgement, reasoning and decisions ................................................................... 18
Making judgements ................................................................................................................. 18
The availability heuristic ....................................................................................................... 19
The representativeness heuristic ......................................................................................... 19
Preconceptions, attitudes and judgement ....................................................................... 19
Deductive reasoning: syllogisms and logic ........................................................................... 19
Mental models of deductive reasoning ............................................................................ 19
Conditional syllogisms .......................................................................................................... 20
Conditional reasoning: the Wason four-card problem ................................................... 20
Decision making: choosing among alternatives.................................................................. 20
The utility approach to decisions ........................................................................................ 20
How emotions affect decisions ........................................................................................... 20
Decisions can depend on the context in which they are made. .................................. 21
Neuroeconomics: the neutral basis of decision making ................................................. 21
Something to consider ............................................................................................................. 21
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller irisbontan. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.96. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now