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Samenvatting Inleiding staatsrecht
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Samenvatting StaatsrechtKadir Katik
HRN-B05
1
,Inhoudsopgave
Staatsrecht.............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Het legaliteitsbeginsel......................................................................................................................................................................5
Wat is een staat?.............................................................................................................................................................................5
De vier hoofdvragen van het staatsrecht.........................................................................................................................................5
Bronnen staatsrecht.........................................................................................................................................................................6
Constitutie en de Grondwet.............................................................................................................................................................6
Nederland als democratische rechtsstaat.......................................................................................................................................6
Nederland als democratische rechtsstaat direct en indirect...........................................................................................................7
De trias politica................................................................................................................................................................................7
Het legaliteitsbeginsel verdiepend...................................................................................................................................................7
Het koninkrijk der Nederlanden.......................................................................................................................................................8
Het statuut.......................................................................................................................................................................................8
De organen.......................................................................................................................................................................................9
Toezicht............................................................................................................................................................................................9
De koning.......................................................................................................................................................................................10
Nederland als constitutionele monarchie, Dat betekent dat de positie van de Koning in de Grondwet staat, ook wel constitutie
genoemd........................................................................................................................................................................................10
Erfopvolging...................................................................................................................................................................................10
Hoe eindigt het koningschap.........................................................................................................................................................10
hoofdfuncties van de koning..........................................................................................................................................................10
De koning als lid van de regering...................................................................................................................................................11
Regent............................................................................................................................................................................................11
Staatsvormen.................................................................................................................................................................................12
Regeringsvormen...........................................................................................................................................................................12
Nederland als gedecentraliseerde eenheidsstaat..........................................................................................................................13
Decentralisatie...............................................................................................................................................................................13
De Staten Generaal........................................................................................................................................................................14
Het kiesstelsel.................................................................................................................................................................................15
Kiesdeler en restzetels....................................................................................................................................................................15
Restzetels.......................................................................................................................................................................................15
De tweede kamer...........................................................................................................................................................................15
Bevoegdheden van de Tweede Kamer (RvOTK).............................................................................................................................16
De eerste kamer.............................................................................................................................................................................16
Bevoegdheden Eerste Kamer (RvOEK)...........................................................................................................................................16
Verschil Eerste en Tweede Kamer..................................................................................................................................................16
Verhouding kabinet en Staten Generaal........................................................................................................................................17
Werking parlementaire stelsel.......................................................................................................................................................17
2
, De motie van wantrouwen.............................................................................................................................................................17
De vertrouwensregel vs. Kamerontbinding....................................................................................................................................17
Opbouw grondwet.........................................................................................................................................................................17
De regering (artikel 42 lid 1 Grondwet).........................................................................................................................................18
De regering= uitvoerende macht, Samenstelling:..........................................................................................................................18
De regering en het kabinet.............................................................................................................................................................18
De kabinetsformatie.......................................................................................................................................................................18
De benoeming en het regeerakkoord............................................................................................................................................18
Ministers.........................................................................................................................................................................................18
De minister president.....................................................................................................................................................................19
De ministerraad..............................................................................................................................................................................19
Staatssecretarissen........................................................................................................................................................................19
Ministeriele verantwoordelijkheid.................................................................................................................................................19
Art. 42 lid 2 Gw Koning onschendbaar...........................................................................................................................................19
De vertrouwensregel......................................................................................................................................................................19
Casus 4,5 en 6 week 2 en 3............................................................................................................................................................20
Wetgeving......................................................................................................................................................................................21
Hiërarchie van wetgeving (normenhiërarchie) hoef je niet uit de hoofd te kennen......................................................................22
De wet in formele zin.....................................................................................................................................................................22
Een wet in materiele zin.................................................................................................................................................................22
Verschillende organen maken algemeen verbindende voorschriften:...........................................................................................22
Wet in formele zin of in materiële zin?..........................................................................................................................................22
De wetgevende bevoegdheidsgrondslag.......................................................................................................................................23
Het wetgevingsproces (I) reguliere wetproces...............................................................................................................................23
Het wetgevingsproces (II)...............................................................................................................................................................23
Het wetgevingsproces (III)..............................................................................................................................................................23
Bekendmaking, daarna wet proces voldaan..................................................................................................................................24
Variant: het initiatiefvoorstel Initiatieve wetproces......................................................................................................................24
De grondwetherzieningsprocedure: artikel 137gw........................................................................................................................24
Waarom het zo moeilijk is om de grondwet te herzien:................................................................................................................24
Delegatie van de wetgevende bevoegdheid..................................................................................................................................24
Voorbeelden van lagere regelgeving.............................................................................................................................................24
De wetgevende bevoegdheid.........................................................................................................................................................25
Twee manieren om regelgevende bevoegdheid te verkrijgen.......................................................................................................25
Verkrijgen regelgevende bevoegdheid: attributie.........................................................................................................................25
Waarom delegatie (van de wetgevende bevoegdheid)?...............................................................................................................25
Delegatieterminologie...................................................................................................................................................................25
(Sub)delegatie vanuit een wet in formele zin................................................................................................................................26
Tenzij… wanneer is subdelegatie wel toegestaan?........................................................................................................................26
Rechtspraak....................................................................................................................................................................................28
De rechterlijke macht.....................................................................................................................................................................28
3
, Rechterlijke onafhankelijkheid.......................................................................................................................................................29
Rechterlijke onpartijdigheid...........................................................................................................................................................29
Rechtsvinding of rechtsvorming.....................................................................................................................................................29
Interpretatiemethoden..................................................................................................................................................................30
Het toetsingsverbod.......................................................................................................................................................................30
4
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