Periop 101 Final Exam 2023 with 100% correct answers

Major components of medical video imaging include: Fiber optic light cable, Camera Control Unit (CCU) Special considerations when using a endoscopic light source are: Place in "standby" mode, do not turn on until light cable is connected to the telescope, set according to manufacturer's parameters Special considerations when using insufflation (establishing a pneumoperitoneum) Always have a backup tank available, position at the level of the patients heart or higher to prevent gases from contaminating the device, make sure alarm is on and audible, maintain pressure under 12 mm/Hg Advantage of endoscopic surgery versus open surgery Smaller incisions Special considerations when using laparoscopic instruments Scrub should inspect more closely because of unapparent defects that may not be apparent with casual observation, focus on insulation because of risk for thermal burns if not intact Special considerations for patient undergoing MIS/Endoscopic Surgery Previous incisions (Hasson minilap) that may require additional sterile supplies, hx of DVT, consent for possibility of open procedure, voiding to empty bladder and prevent puncture during trocar placement/unnecessary catheterization Correct fluid management procedures in MIS Monitor overload of IV/irrigation fluids dispensed and returned during procedure (prevent hypervolemia/fluid overload) Mechanical Methods of Hemostasis Manual pressure (sponges), hemostatic clamps, sutures, staples, clips, ligatures, and/or pledgets What is a ligature? Also known as a tie, strand tied around a blood vessel to occlude bleeding; large vessels may require transfixion suture (crosscriss stitch) What is a pledget? Non-absorbable suture support used when possibility of sutures tearing through tissue Where is a pledget most commonly used? Vascular closure, septal repair, heart repair and hepatic repair What is bone wax? A mixture of beeswax, isopropyl, and a softening agent Where is bone wax used? Ortho, neuro, and the sternum during heart procedures Chemical Methods of Hemostasis Pharmocological methods (meds such as epi, vit K, protamine, lysine, tranexamic acid) Topical methods (thrombins, collagen gelatins, phenol sealants)