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Résumé Fiche des essentiels du SQL2
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Fiche des essentiels du SQL2
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ORDRES DU LANGAGESCREATE TABLE nomT CREATE TABLE tsclients
( liste attributs , (
Avec domaine [contrainte], id_clients CHAR(6) CONSTRAINT pk_tsclients PRIMARY KEY,
) code_civilite CHAR(2) CONSTRAINT fk_tscivilite REFERENCES tscivilite(id_civil),
CHAR(n) /* Longueur fixe nom VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
Construction de la BD
VARCHAR(n) /* Longueur variable date_naiss DATE,
CLOB /* >255 caractères cp CHAR(5) NOT NULL,
NUMERIC(n) /* Pour les entiers ville VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
NUMERIC (nbtot, nbapvirg) /* Pour les décimaux email VARCHAR(25) UNIQUE,
DATE note NUMERIC(3,1),
DATE TIME quantite NUMERIC(2),
PRIMARY KEY pk_ reduc NUMERIC(3,2) CONSTRAINT ck_tauxreduc CHECK reduc BETWEEN 0 AND 3
FOREIGN KEY fk_ )
ALTER TABLE nomT
ALTER TABLE tclient
ADD nouvel attribut + domaine [+Ci] /* Ajout attribut
ADD datenaiss DATE
MODIFY attr concerné + modif /* Modif attribut
MODIFY nom VARCHAR(10)
ADD CONSTRAINT nomC + contrainte /* Ajout contrainte
ADD CONSTRAINT ck_controleacces CHECK (codesecu IN (6, 7))
DROP CONSTRAINT nomC /* Suppr une contrainte
DROP COLUMN nomattribut /* Suppr un attribut
DROP TABLE nomT DROP TABLE tbenefice
INSERT INTO nomT INSERT INTO tnotes
Manipulation des
VALUES ( ) VALUES (‘mat01’, 1, 17, NULL, 0.4)
INSERT INTO nom (listattr) INSERT INTO tnotes (idmat, idnote, note, coeff)
données
VALUES ( ) VALUES (‘mat01’, 2, 16, 0.5)
UPDATE nomT UPDATE tproduits
SET nomA1 = valeur ou formule [, autre modification] SET pachat = pachat +1, pvente = pvente +1
[WHERE condition] WHERE origine != ‘France’
DELETE FROM tnotes
DELETE FROM nomT
WHERE idmat = ‘mat01’
[WHERE…]
AND idnote = 2
COMMIT Permet de valider une transaction
√ X Permet d’annuler un ensemble d’ordre SQL en cours
ROLLBACK
Cela permet d’enlever les données en instance d’enregistrement
GRANT SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT, ALL
GRANT INSERT
Gestion des
ON nomT
ON tanimal
TO user1, user2, PUBLIC
droits
TO bd111
[WITH GRANT OPTION]
REVOKE S, U, D, I, A REVOKE INSERT
ON nomT ON tanimal
FROM user FROM bd111
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