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samenvatting 2022
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DEEL IIIZWANGERSCHAP & BEVALLING
INHOUD
prenatale lessen ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
obstetrische anatomie ............................................................................................................................................ 4
het baringskanaal ................................................................................................................................................ 4
het beendering baringskanaal......................................................................................................................... 4
weke baringskanaal ......................................................................................................................................... 7
besluit.............................................................................................................................................................. 9
zwangerscchap ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
graviditeit – prenatale stadium ............................................................................................................................. 10
terminologie ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
definitie & omschrijving .................................................................................................................................... 11
zwangerschapstesting ....................................................................................................................................... 12
duur zwangerschap ........................................................................................................................................... 13
miskraam ........................................................................................................................................................... 14
ontwikkeling foetus ........................................................................................................................................... 15
1e maand ontwikkeling ................................................................................................................................. 15
maand 2 ........................................................................................................................................................ 15
maand 3 ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
maand 4 ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
vanaf 20 weken ............................................................................................................................................. 16
vanaf 22 weken ............................................................................................................................................. 16
6 maanden – 24 weken ................................................................................................................................. 17
3e trimester ................................................................................................................................................... 17
fysiologische veranderingen bij de moeder ...................................................................................................... 17
inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................... 17
uterus ............................................................................................................................................................ 18
gewichtstoename .......................................................................................................................................... 19
houdingsveranderingen / bewegingsapparaat ............................................................................................. 20
het cardiovasculair systeem .......................................................................................................................... 21
nierfunctie – niet kennen .............................................................................................................................. 23
spijsvertering ................................................................................................................................................. 24
ademhaling.................................................................................................................................................... 26
1
, de huid .......................................................................................................................................................... 28
venen............................................................................................................................................................. 30
diastasis recti................................................................................................................................................. 30
voorbereiding op lactatie .............................................................................................................................. 31
psychische veranderingen ............................................................................................................................. 32
indicaties & contra-indicaties tijdens de zwangerschap ................................................................................... 34
inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................... 34
voeding .......................................................................................................................................................... 34
sporten tijdens zwangerschap ...................................................................................................................... 39
contra-indicaties ........................................................................................................................................... 41
pathologische situaties moeder ........................................................................................................................ 42
hyperemesis gravidarum ............................................................................................................................... 42
zwangerschapshypertensie ........................................................................................................................... 43
diabetes gravidarum ..................................................................................................................................... 45
kinesitherapie.................................................................................................................................................... 45
inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................... 45
de rol van de kine tijdens de zwangerschap ................................................................................................. 46
pijnsensatie ................................................................................................................................................... 47
relaxatie ........................................................................................................................................................ 48
de partus – natale stadium ................................................................................................................................... 50
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 50
definitie baring .................................................................................................................................................. 50
tekenen begin baring .................................................................................................................................... 50
baringproces ................................................................................................................................................. 51
wee ................................................................................................................................................................ 51
voortekens arbeid – 3, 4 weken voordien..................................................................................................... 52
tekens echte arbeid ....................................................................................................................................... 52
verschillende fasen van de bevalling................................................................................................................. 53
fase 1 – ontsluitingsfase ................................................................................................................................ 53
fase 2 – uitdrijvingsfase ................................................................................................................................. 55
fase 3 – de placentaire fase........................................................................................................................... 56
fase 4 – post placentaire tijdperk .................................................................................................................. 57
verloskundige hulpmiddelen ............................................................................................................................. 58
pijnbestrijding ............................................................................................................................................... 58
ingeleide bevalling ........................................................................................................................................ 59
epsiotomie .................................................................................................................................................... 60
instrumentale bevalling ................................................................................................................................ 61
2
, sectio caesarea .............................................................................................................................................. 62
het puerperium ..................................................................................................................................................... 65
begripomschrijving ............................................................................................................................................ 65
fysiologische aanpassingen ............................................................................................................................... 65
algemene veranderingen .............................................................................................................................. 66
lactatie........................................................................................................................................................... 67
pathologie ......................................................................................................................................................... 69
stoornissen urinaire tractus .......................................................................................................................... 69
psychische stoornissen.................................................................................................................................. 69
kinesitherapie.................................................................................................................................................... 70
korter verblijf ................................................................................................................................................ 70
aantal dagen uza – covid ............................................................................................................................... 70
suikerbonen .................................................................................................................................................. 71
multidisciplinariteit – coörd – info – financiering ......................................................................................... 71
evolutie wetenschap – inbakeren ................................................................................................................. 72
ooievaar ........................................................................................................................................................ 72
taak kine ........................................................................................................................................................ 72
uza ................................................................................................................................................................. 73
briefing vroedvrouwen .................................................................................................................................. 74
pelvische re-educatie .................................................................................................................................... 74
doelstelling .................................................................................................................................................... 78
andere indicaties & beh strategie ................................................................................................................. 79
aandacht........................................................................................................................................................ 79
internationale richtlijnen promoten bb spier oef ......................................................................................... 79
meest voorkomende vragen ......................................................................................................................... 80
sport na bevalling .......................................................................................................................................... 80
examenvragen ....................................................................................................................................................... 85
3
, PRENATALE LESSEN
Psychosomatische voorbereiding tot baring
- Psychische voorbereiding
o Voldoende kennis tijdens zwangerschap, geboorte en postpartum periode
▪ Geruststelling
o Reëel antwoord kunnen geven op vragen die aanstaande moeder stelt
o Angst, vooroordelen en bijgeloof uit de weg gaan
- Lichamelijke voorbereiding / inspelen op ongemakken
OBSTETRISCHE ANATOMIE
HET BARINGSKANAAL
- Beenderig baringskanaal
o Beenderige wanden v klein bekken
o Beperkte uitrekking
o Bekkenafmetingen bep beschikbare ruimte voor doorgang v kinderhoofd
- Weke baringskanaal
o Baarmoederhals
▪ Cervix uteri
o Schede BB spieren
o Kan uitgerekt worden door kinderhoofd
HET BEENDERING BARINGSKANAAL
-
- Volksmond
o Visueel uitwendig breed bekken = vlotte geboorte
o NIET WAAR
4
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