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American Red Cross (First Aid) - HLTH 57A (Questions & Answers)
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American Red Cross (First Aid) - HLTH57A (Questions & Answers)
List three ways to minimize the risk of disease transmission Correct Ans -
-Using PPE (Gloves and CPR breathing barriers)
-Washing your hands after care
Why were Good Samaritan laws developed? Correct Ans - developed
to encourage people to help others in emergency situations and grants them
immunity against law suits
What are some common factors/reasons that keep people from responding to
an emergency medical situation? Correct Ans - 1. Being uncertain that
an emergency actually exists.
2. Being afraid of giving the wrong care or inadvertently causing more harm.
3. Assuming that the situation is already under control.
4. Squeamishness related to unpleasant sights, sounds or smells.
5. Fear of catching a disease.
6. Fear of being sued.
Difference between consent and implied consent Correct Ans - -
Consent is obtaining permission from injured person.
-Implied consent is when someone is unresponsive, confused or mentally
impaired to grant consent.
(Applies to a minor in a life threatening situation and parent or guardian is
not present.)
2 examples of consent Correct Ans - -conscious choking adult
-someone with a broken leg advising they need help
2 examples of implied consent Correct Ans - -unconscious choking
adult
-someone who fainted
To obtain consent you must say these 5 things Correct Ans - -State
your name
,-State your level of training
-Explain what you think is wrong
-Explain what you plan to do
-Ask if you may help
If person does not give you consent, you can still? Correct Ans - Call 9-
1-1
Three emergency action steps: Correct Ans - -Check
-Call
-Care
Define check in taking action: Correct Ans - First check scene, then
check person.
This is for conducting a scene size-up.
Six questions you try to answer when you 'check' Correct Ans - -Is the
scene safe to enter?
-What happened?
-How many people are involved?
-What is your initial impression about the nature of the persons illness or
injury?
-Is anyone else available to help?
-What is wrong with person and what care is needed?
If the person is unresponsive, you: Correct Ans - Make sure someone
calls 9-1-1 and bring AED & first aid kit
Call First/Care First Correct Ans - -Call first if: you are ALONE
-CARE First if:
*An unresponsive infant or child younger than about 12 years whom you did
not see collapse.
*A person who is choking.
*A person who is experiencing a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) and
has an epinephrine auto injector.
*A person who has severe, life-threatening bleeding.
,Why/when can confusion be a signal of a medical emergency in an elderly
person? Correct Ans - - Be aware that in older people, the signs and
symptoms of a medical emergency may be
very general and nonspecific: Symptoms can include " headache, change in
person's usual level of activity, change in mental status, lethargy, difficulty
sleeping"
- Many older adults have impaired hearing, vision or both. If the person seems
confused,
make sure the "confusion" is not just the result of being unable to hear you or
see you clearly.
- Speak clearly and loudly enough for the person to hear you, but do not shout.
Avoid rushing
Fainting occurs when there is a sudden ________ Correct Ans - decrease
in blood flow to the brain. (dehydrated, being too hot, being in a crowded
room or feeling intense emotion can cause a person to faint.)
How to identify fainting: Correct Ans - Fainting: pale or ashen cool,
moist skin, sweat, loss of consciousness and then collapses.
FAST stands for Correct Ans - F-face (ask to smile, is Face drooping)
A- arm (ask to raise arms, is one side of arm weak)
S- speech (ask to repeat simple sentences, is words slurred)
T-time, (note the time signs and symptoms started and call EMS)
*Used for stroke*
Three situations when you can move an injured person: Correct Ans -
*You must move the person to protect him or her from immediate danger
(such as fire, flood or poisonous gas). However, you should only attempt this if
you can reach the person and remove him or her from the area without
endangering yourself.
*You must move the person to reach another person who may have a more
serious injury or illness.
*You must move the person to give proper care. For example, it may be
necessary to move a person who needs CPR onto a hard, flat surface.
, Define shock Correct Ans - a progressive, life-threatening condition in
which the circulatory system fails to deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to the
body's tissues and organs
List the 7 signs of shock. Correct Ans - -Restlessness or irritability
-Altered level of consciousness
-Nausea or vomiting
-Pale, ashen (grayish), cool, moist skin
-Rapid breathing
-Rapid, weak heartbeat
-Excessive thirst
Within how long does shock usually occur after a severe injury? Correct
Ans - Within the first hour after
How do you treat a shock: Correct Ans - -Call 911, a shock cannot be
managed effectively by first aid alone
-Victim should lie down on his or her back
-Control external bleeding
-Maintain body temp. (Cover w/blanket)
-Comfort and reassure victim
-Continue to monitor the person's condition and watch for changes in level of
consciousness.
-DO NOT GIVE ANY FOOD OR DRINK (increases the person's risk for vomiting
and aspiration)
Signals of internal bleeding Correct Ans - -Tender, swollen, rigid and
bruising (blood collecting, such as abdomen)
-Rapid, weak heart beat
-Skin that feels cool or moist or looks pale or bluish
-Vomiting blood or coughing up blood
-Excessive thirst
-An injured extremity that is blue or extremely pale
-An altered level of consciousness
If internal bleeding is occurring in an injured limb: Correct Ans - may
be blue or extremely pale, swollen and rigid
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