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Best IIT-JEE problems on Atomic Structure
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Best IIT-JEE problems on S block
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Orbitals and electron configurationElectrons in an atom is not simple like the Newtonian orbit configuration, which is the Bohr Model of the
electron. Instead, electrons can be described by Orbitals, which are probability density functions. For
example, the 1s orbital, which is a sphere around the nucleus, is where we are more likely to find an
electron close to the centre of the atom. Once two electrons are in the 1s orbital, we can no longer put a
third there because there is only room for two electrons. The electrons repel each other, and we have to
go to the 2s orbital that has higher energy. The general principle is that electrons fill up orbitals from the
lowest energy to the highest. The 1s is the first one filled up; this is the s-up. The next one is the 2s, and
the p-orbitals have p sub z, p sub x, and p sub y. They might appear unusual, but we will show you in
future videos that they are analogous to standing waves.
The question is to visualize the p orbitals with two electrons in it. One electron is in the bell shape, and
the other electron is in the x direction. The periodic table organizes things to make sense. One can take
helium to figure out these orbitals. This is the electron configuration for silicon, which should have 14
electrons. In the next video, we will address what happens when we go to these elements.
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