IAAP CPACC Exam with correct answers

Medical Model - answer disability as a problem of the person, directly caused by disease, trauma, or other health condition which therefore requires sustained medical care provided in the form of individual treatment by professionals. ~ Management is aimed at a cure, or individual adjustment and behavioral change ~ medical care viewed as main issue ~ political response is to reform healthcare Strengths: addresses biological sources of disabilities through cures or medical management Weaknesses: treats disability as a problem or inherent characteristic of the indvidual, overlooks broader sociopolitical constraints imposed by unwelcoming or inaccessible environments Social Model - answer views disability as a socially created problem, a matter of the full integration of individuals into society. Disability is a complex collection of conditions, many of which are created by the social environment. ~ social action ~ society needs to make environmental modifications ~ cultural and ideological ~ large-scale cultural change ~ equal access as a human rights issue Strenghts: Focuses on disabling conditions in the environment and makes clear they are not solely a characteristic of individual's "broken" body. Encourages design to accommodate a wide range of human characteristics and abilities Weaknesses: downplays the embodied aspects of disabilities too much, push for social justice puts activitists at odds with other political interests, antagonizes relationships, creates resolute political adversaries.