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Samenvatting ondernemingsrecht
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Samenvatting slides, notities in de les en het handboek. Gegeven door mevrouw Bogman in het 2e jaar rechtspraktijk (module 1)
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ONDERNEMINGSRECHTInhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: Begrippen en algemene regelen............................................................................6
1. Ondernemingsrecht..............................................................................................................7
2. Handelaars en ondernemingen.............................................................................................7
3. Bronnen van ondernemingsrecht.........................................................................................8
3.1. Wetgeving.....................................................................................................................8
3.2. Rechtspraak...................................................................................................................9
3.3. Gewoonterecht, (handels)gebruiken en algemene rechtsbeginselen.............................9
3.4. Rechtsleer......................................................................................................................9
3.5. Bijzonder en afwijkend ondernemingsrecht..................................................................9
4. Algemene beginselen van economisch recht.....................................................................10
5. Algemene regelen voor ondernemingen............................................................................10
5.1. Bewijs..........................................................................................................................10
5.2. Verplichtingen bij de start van een onderneming........................................................13
5.3. Betalingsachterstand handelsverbintenissen...............................................................15
5.4. Onbeslagbaarheid woning zelfstandige.......................................................................18
5.5. Ondernemingsrechtbank..............................................................................................18
5.6. Sluikwerk.....................................................................................................................19
Hoofdstuk 2: Vennootschappen en verenigingen.....................................................................20
1. Eenmanszaak vs samenwerkingsverband..........................................................................20
2. Vennootschappen en verenigingen....................................................................................21
2.1. Vennootschap..............................................................................................................21
2.2. Vereniging...................................................................................................................23
2.3. Stichting.......................................................................................................................23
3. Algemene regels die gelden voor alle vennootschappen...................................................24
4. De jaarrekening..................................................................................................................24
5. Individuele onderzoeks- en controlebevoegdheden vennoten...........................................24
6. De Besloten Vennootschap (BV).......................................................................................25
7. Geschillenregeling voor vennoten.....................................................................................26
7.1. Concrete voorbeelden..................................................................................................26
1
, 7.2. Mogelijkheden.............................................................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 3: enige handelsovereenkomsten.............................................................................28
1. Handelstussenpersonen en distrubutiecontracten..............................................................28
1.1. Handelstussenpersonen in de juridische zin................................................................29
1.2. Handelstussenpersonen in economische zin................................................................39
1.3. Precontractuele informatie bij commerciële samenwerkingsovereenkomsten............41
2. Overeenkomsten m.b.t. de handelszaak.............................................................................42
2.1. Eigendom, uitbating, rechtsaard, kenmerken en bestanddelen handelszaak...............42
2.2. Overdracht van de handelszaak...................................................................................45
2.3. Verpanding van de handelszaak..................................................................................45
2.4. Uitbating van de handelszaak door een ander dan de eigenaar tegen vergoeding......45
2.5. Handelshuur.................................................................................................................47
3. Pand...................................................................................................................................49
3.1. Begrip..........................................................................................................................50
3.2. Totstandkoming...........................................................................................................50
3.3. Uitoefening..................................................................................................................51
4. Financiële zekerheidsovereenkomsten..............................................................................52
5. Endossement van de factuur..............................................................................................52
5.1. Overdracht van schuldvordering conform gemeen recht............................................52
5.2. Endossement van de factuur........................................................................................52
5.3. Vergelijking tussen overdracht van schuldvordering conform gemeen recht en
endossement van de factuur................................................................................................54
6. Factoring............................................................................................................................55
7. Leasing...............................................................................................................................56
Hoofdstuk 4: Recht van intellectuele eigendom.......................................................................58
1. Algemeen...........................................................................................................................58
1.1. Definitie.......................................................................................................................58
1.2. Waarom van belang?...................................................................................................58
1.3. Nadelen........................................................................................................................59
1.4. Kenmerken..................................................................................................................59
1.5. Bronnen.......................................................................................................................59
2. Auteursrecht.......................................................................................................................59
2.1. Het auteursrecht sensu stricto......................................................................................60
2.2. Naburige rechten.........................................................................................................62
2
, 2.3. De auteursrechtelijke bescherming van computerprogramma’s.................................62
2.4. De bescherming van databanken.................................................................................62
3. Octrooirecht.......................................................................................................................62
3.1. Algemeen.....................................................................................................................62
3.2. Voorwaarden...............................................................................................................63
3.3. Rechten octrooihouder................................................................................................63
3.4. Plichten octrooihouder................................................................................................63
3.5. Beschermingsduur.......................................................................................................64
3.6. Europees octrooi..........................................................................................................64
4. Merkenrecht.......................................................................................................................64
4.1. Begrip..........................................................................................................................64
4.2. Draagwijdte.................................................................................................................65
4.3. Voorwaarden...............................................................................................................65
4.4. Soorten.........................................................................................................................65
4.5. Duur en vernieuwing...................................................................................................66
4.6. Inbreuken.....................................................................................................................66
5. Tekeningen- en modellenrecht...........................................................................................66
5.1. Wat beschermt het?.....................................................................................................66
5.2. Beschermingsvoorwaarden..........................................................................................67
5.3. Beschermingsomvang.................................................................................................67
5.4. Beschermingsduur en vernieuwing.............................................................................67
6. Specifieke beschermingsregimes.......................................................................................67
6.1. Chips............................................................................................................................67
6.2. Bedrijfsgeheimen.........................................................................................................68
6.3. Handelsnaam...............................................................................................................68
6.4. Vennootschapsnaam....................................................................................................68
7. Handhaving........................................................................................................................69
7.1. Bevoegde rechtbank....................................................................................................69
7.2. Procedure.....................................................................................................................69
Hoofdstuk 5: Europees economisch recht.................................................................................70
1. Inleiding.............................................................................................................................70
1.1. Europese integratie......................................................................................................70
1.2. Interne markt...............................................................................................................70
3
, 1.3. Eigen rechtsorde..........................................................................................................71
2. Kort overzicht van de medediningstheorie........................................................................74
3. Europees mededingingsrecht gericht tot ondernemingen: algemeen................................75
3.1. Algemeen.....................................................................................................................75
3.2. Algemene structuur concurrentiergelen uit VWEU....................................................75
3.3. Toepassingsgebied Europees mededingingsrecht betreffende de sectoren.................75
3.4. Afbakening relevante markt als onderdeel van de mededingingsbeoordeling............75
4. Europees mededingingsrecht gericht tot ondernemingen: het verbod op kartelafspraken
(art. 101 VWEU)...................................................................................................................76
4.1. Nadere ontleding toepassingsvoorwaarden art. 101, lid 1 VWEU..............................77
4.2. Nietigheidssanctie art. 101, lid 2 VWEU....................................................................78
4.3. Ontheffing van het kartelverbod..................................................................................78
4.4. Handhaving van het kartelverbod................................................................................78
4.5. Toepassing art. 101 VWEU m.b.t. bepaalde categorieën van afspraken....................79
5. Europees mededingingsrecht gericht tot ondernemingen: het verbod op misbruik van
machtspositie in art. 102 VWEU...........................................................................................80
5.1. Vaststelling machtspositie...........................................................................................80
5.2. Misbruik......................................................................................................................80
5.3. Ongunstige beïnvloeding handel tussen lidstaten........................................................81
6. Europees mededingingsrecht gericht tot ondernemingen: concentratiecontrole...............81
6.1. Algemeen.....................................................................................................................81
6.2. Toepassingsgebied van het begrip concentratie..........................................................81
6.3. Toepassingsgebied van de communautaire dimensie..................................................82
6.4. Procedure.....................................................................................................................82
6.5. Beoordeling concentraties...........................................................................................82
Hoofdstuk 6: Belgisch economisch recht..................................................................................83
1. Inleiding.............................................................................................................................83
2. Belgisch mededingingsrecht..............................................................................................83
2.1. Inleiding.......................................................................................................................83
2.2. Materieelrechtelijke bepalingen..................................................................................84
2.3. Organen en procedure..................................................................................................87
2.4. Schadevergoeding.......................................................................................................88
3. Marktpraktijken en consumentenbescherming..................................................................89
3.1. Inleiding.......................................................................................................................89
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