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SOCIOLOGIE VAN DE SOCIALEPROBLEMEN
1
,Info
- Gesloten boek examen
- Lesmateriaal: cursustekst en handboek
INHOUDSOPGAVE
Table of Contents
Inleiding................................................................................................................................................................................4
Sociale problemen............................................................................................................................................................4
Sociologische perspectieven.................................................................................................................................................5
Sociale problemen................................................................................................................................................................6
Wetenschappelijke definitie........................................................................................................................................6
Sociale factoren en de NHH.............................................................................................................................................8
Historische bepaaldheid van het begrip “sociaal probleem”........................................................................................11
Ontstaan begrip.........................................................................................................................................................11
toename aantal sociale problemen...........................................................................................................................11
Afwijkend gedrag en deviantie...........................................................................................................................................12
Afwijkend gedrag...........................................................................................................................................................12
institutionele typologieën..............................................................................................................................................13
Afwijkend gedrag als moreel feit...................................................................................................................................13
Relativiteit van AG:....................................................................................................................................................13
Functionaliteit van AG:..............................................................................................................................................14
Enkele sociologische perspectieven op sociale problemen...............................................................................................17
1 Sociale pathologie.......................................................................................................................................................17
2 Sociale desorganisatie.................................................................................................................................................17
Robert park “marginal man” (1924)..........................................................................................................................18
Ernest Burgess “concentric zone theory (or model)” 1925)......................................................................................18
Thomas and Znaniecki...............................................................................................................................................19
William Ogburn: the theory of the cultural lag (1922)..............................................................................................19
maatschappelijke stabiteit…? cohesie?.........................................................................................................................20
Sociological perspectives...............................................................................................................................................20
Personal (flemish) touch................................................................................................................................................21
2
, 3 Waardenconflict “clash of values”..............................................................................................................................21
Fuller..........................................................................................................................................................................21
4 Socialistatieperspectief...............................................................................................................................................22
Sutherland..................................................................................................................................................................22
5 Anomieperspectief......................................................................................................................................................25
Emile Durkheim..........................................................................................................................................................25
Merton.......................................................................................................................................................................26
6 Etiketteringsperspectief..............................................................................................................................................30
Typische woordenschat die bij het etiketteringsperspectief van Becker hoort:.......................................................30
Kritische theorie en constructionisme.......................................................................................................................32
Emigration from Europa to the USA...................................................................................................................................33
Facts and figures.............................................................................................................................................................33
Settlers of the New World (lezen).............................................................................................................................33
Mass migration: 1820 – end 19th century (lezen).....................................................................................................34
The wave becomes a flood (lezen)............................................................................................................................35
Legislating Immigration.............................................................................................................................................36
The hart-celler act 1965.............................................................................................................................................36
marginalisering als uitsluiting.............................................................................................................................................37
Achterliggen theoretisch raamwerk...............................................................................................................................37
Armoede en sociale uitsluiting...........................................................................................................................................38
Definitities van armoede................................................................................................................................................38
hoe armoede meten.......................................................................................................................................................38
begrippen.......................................................................................................................................................................40
De vier dimensies van armoede.....................................................................................................................................40
klovenmodel..............................................................................................................................................................41
De 6 persepectieven.......................................................................................................................................................42
3
, INLEIDING
SOCIALE PROBLEMEN
De grote problemen (mogelijke examenvraag, wat zijn sociale problemen en wat niet, op wat zou jij inzetten?)
- Racisme
- Armoede
o Energiearmoede
o Woonkost
Investering van de huur
Energie
- Geweld
o Seksueel
- Verslaving
o Alcohol
o Drugs
- Werkloosheid
- Vergrijzing
- Migratie
- Criminaliteit
Aanvulling voorbeelden sociale problemen:
- Wachtlijsten - Zorgkost
- Labelling - Inflatie
- Dakloosheid - Pesten
- Klimaatverandering - Nieuwe sociale kwestie (NSK)
o Droogte - Re-integratie
o Lichtvervuiling - Overbevolking
- Discriminatie - Individualisme
o Homofobie - Extremismen
- Inclusie <-> exclusie - Onderwijskwaliteit
- Eenzaamheid - Abortus/euthanasie
- Welvaartsziektes
Marginaliteit / afwijkend gedrag / sociaal probleem
Een bord vol…
Meetbaarheid? Objectiveerbaarheid ?
Tijd/ruimte? Normen en waarden… veranderen continu, generatiegevoelig
Mensenrechten, sociale grondrechten afwijkend, uitgesloten, gemarginaliseerd, sociale uitsluiting, armoede…
Niet van zelfsprekend, in sommige landen wetten over kledij en dragen van hoofddoek…
Welke zienswijze, bril, sociologisch perspectief…
4
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