Summary
Summary Y106 Henry VIII Religious Developments timeline
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Colour coded timeline of Henry VIII's religious developments- changes from Catholicism/Protestantism
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1509- Henry becomes King, heavily catholic and marries Catherine of Aragon who was a popular queen, supported by the nobilityand deeply religious
1524- Henry stopped sleeping with Catherine
1526- Henry begins to try to woo Anne Boleyn
1527- Henry decides he wants a divorce, because of concerns on the legitimacy of his marriage (Leviticus- can't marry brother's
wife), the lack of heir and illegitimacy of any heir produced, and his love for Anne Boleyn which is shown through love letters. Henry
expected getting a divorce would be easy. In 1527 he applied for Papal Dispensation. Wolsey tried to obtain a divorce by the
Leviticus argument, which failed as it meant the Pope would have to declare an error in the previous Pope's ruling, then by claiming
there was a technical error in the dispensation which failed as Catherines advisors found a differently worded version and finally by
persuading the Pope to have the case heard in England, with the hope he could rule the case as he had Papal Legate, but this
failed because Campeggio also had legate and delays in his arrival, and he was ordered not to dispense the great matter
1529- Downfall of Wolsey due to failure to obtain a divorce
MPs attacked by claiming widespread abuses to the Church- allowed Henry to claim they needed to reform
1530- The church charged with Praemunire (offensive Papal jurisdiction) but this was withdrawn once Henry had paid the fine
1532- Act of Restraint of Annates banned payments of clerical taxes to rome
The church surrendered the right to enact new Clerical laws- clergy agreed and voted through submission of the clergy- these were
all acts of warning to the pope
1533- Anne becomes pregnant and Henry decides to cut all ties with Rome
Ecclestial Appeals act- Key legal foundation of the reform. It was drafted by Thomas Cranner (Archbishop of Canterbury) and
forbade all appeals to the pope in Rome, making the King the final legal authority. This was achieved by claiming England was an
empire and the crown was an imperial crown. It prevented Catherine from appealing the divorce and allowed Cranner to pronounce
the annulment. Henry marries Anne Boleyn.
1534- Attempts to abolish Papal authority in England: direct payments to Rome stopped, the Archbishop of Canterbury given
powers of exemption and dispensation, the popes role in the appointment of churchmen ended, the definition of religious beliefs and
practices given to the crown
Act of Supremacy recognised Henry as head of the church and said he had god given rights, Thomas Cranner was appointed the
King's deputy which increased his influence
1536- Valor Ecclestiasticus were carried out to paint the monasteries in a bad light and as corrupt so Henry could justify closing
them down. This was done to eliminate opponents of the break with Rome and for financial motives. Small monasteries were closed
in 1536.
Act of the 10 Articles- Rejected 4/7 sacraments of Catholic belief, confirmed 3- baptism, Eucharist and penance
Royal Injunctions attacked Catholic practices of pilgrimages and encouraged religious instruction
1537- Bishops book- kept mass, status of priests and purgatory vague- reducing their importance and thus the presence of
catholicism. This book was influenced by Cromwell but it had to be read by Henry before publication
Matthew's Bible- Protestant
1538- Royal Injunctions ordered an English bible to be present in all Parishes within two years, discouraged pilgrimages and
ordered removal of relics
John Lambert executed for rejecting transubstantiation
1539- Even after the pilgrimage of Grace, larger monasteries are dissolved
The great bible is published, protestant bible and written in English
The Act of Six Articles confirmed transubstantiation and forbade taking of communion in both kinds, it attacked some reformed
beliefs and restored some traditional practices
1540- Henry maintained a belief in the Eucharist real presence and openly punished those who disagreed which suggests a limit to
Cromwell's influence who was executed in 1540, with one of his charges being religious beliefs
Henry married Catherine Howard who is catholic, contributes to religious confusion
1543- The Act of Advancement of True Religion restricted access of the Bible to the upper class but did still allow and English bible
Publication of the Kings book which defended transubstantiation and the six articles but encouraged the reformed belief in preaching
and attacked images
Henry defends Cranmer who had been imprisoned for hearsay by the Catholic faction
1544- Introduction of an English Litancy replaced Catholic use of latin litany and seen as a movement towards Protestantism
however priests did not have to use the English Litancy
1545- Act of dissolving chancies passed which would have represented full scale attack on Catholic belief of purgatory as chantry
priests were employed to say masses for the souls of the dead however this was not really enforced by Henry's death so had no
real impact
1546- Henry appointed lots of Protestant supporters to his regency council as well as the employment of Protestant tutor John
Cheke for Edward
Anne Askew burnt to death for denying transubstantiation
1547- the reformist faction in Henrys regency council during his last year alive meant they controlled Henry's will, and appointed
Edwards Protestant uncle John Seymour to control it, allowing Protestantism to continue into Edward's reign
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