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Aantekeneningen colleges Aquaculture and Fisheries (AFI-20306)
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these are my lecture notes from aquaculture and fisheries
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By: robordelman • 6 year ago
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Aquaculture lecture 2, johanWorld fish production: capture fisheries remains constant between 1990 and now. Aquaculture
growth is increasing. In 2012, 158 ton fish is captured. 128 ton is consumed by humans, other 20-25
ton is used for fish meal and oil.
Larger amount of seaweed is used for fuel. Originally, mean purpose of seaweed culturing is for agar.
World stock status: % overexploited stocks increase, % underexploited stocks decrease, % fully
exploited stocks are stable.
Aquaculture: om nieuwe soorten te kweken moet er telkens opnieuw uitgezocht worden hoe de
vissoorten zich voortplanten, hoe ze leven, wat ze eten, etc, wat is er nodig om de vislarven groot te
laten worden?
Fisheries is mainly marine. Inland fisheries is still important. > 10 % of the world population depends
on fisheries.
Most fishery boats are small, smaller than 2 m. only 2% of the vessels is larger industrial fish.
Anchoveta: almost entirely converted into fish meal and oil.
Where and by whom are they captured? getallen in het plaatje zijn regio’s. de united nations
hebben de oceanen in delen verdeeld.
Control and manage of a fishery:
Legal basis: UN Law on the sea, UNCLOS. EEZ 200 miles (340 km) zones. EEZ: economic exclusive
zone. Government is governing everything in this zone.
Responsiblilty: within EEZ: national governments. Outside the EEZ: regional fisheries management
organizarion (REMO)
Supporting policy research: ICES.
Managing by effort control or gear control.
ICES: consists of biologists. They recommendate the Total Allowable Catch to the EU council of
Ministers. The ministers set the quota, most of the time is this higher than recommendate. The EU
council divides the TAC between the countries. The minister of the countries divide the TAC between
the fishermen/companies.
Companies/fishermen can’t catch more than their TAC. They are monitoring/inspection.
If the fishermen have consumed their quota of cod but not for plaice. But by fishing of on plaice, you
always catch cod. The fishermen are not allowed to catch them, so they throw them back in the see
discard.
Controlling measures:
- Input control:
o Control number of boats
o Control of seaborn fishing days
o Allocation individual quota; CEDRecords = Catch and Effort data records. What is
catch per unit of effort.
- Gear regulations (type; size; mesh size)
- No-catch areas (MPA), MPA are too small. WWF we need MPA networks.
- Sharing responsibility: co-management. Give the fishermen the right to decide.
Fleet reduction in Europe.
Aquaculture.
Fastest growing food sector, growth is mainly due because of the growth in China.
Multispecies and wide variety in production systems.
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