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Ingeniería genética

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Apuntes e información esencial del tema de Ingeniería Genética.

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  • April 14, 2023
  • 38
  • 2021/2022
  • Interview
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  • Secondary school
  • Bachillerato
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Tema 15:
La genómica y la
proteómica
Organismos modificados genéticamente

, ÍNDICE
1. Biotecnología
2. Ingeniería genética
a) Formación de ADN recombinante
b) Clonación de genes
c) PCR
d) Secuenciación
3. Aplicaciones de la ingeniería genética
a) Aplicaciones médicas
b) Aplicaciones en agricultura y ganadería
c) Proyecto Genoma Humano
4. Problemas de la ingeniería genética

, 1. Biotecnología
• La biotecnología es un campo de la biología que utiliza
organismos vivos en beneficio humano.

• Se distingue dos tipos de biotecnología:
• a. Biotecnología tradicional: se basa en el empleo de
microorganismos para la obtención de productos útiles (la
veremos en el siguiente tema)

• b. Biotecnología moderna: utiliza la ingeniería genética para
obtener beneficios para el ser humano.

, 2. Ingeniería genética

• La ingeniería genética es un conjunto de técnicas que
permiten la manipulación y la transferencia de genes de un
organismo a otro. De este modo obtenemos organismos
genéticamente modificados (OMG)

• Las técnicas más utilizadas son:
• A. Formación de ADN recombinante

• B. Clonación de ADN

• C. PCR

• D. Secuenciación

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