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Samenvatting formules opgesomt makkelijk te leren
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Samenvatting van 1 pagina's voor het vak Cel 1 aan de UGent (1 pagina)
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Chemie: organiche stofklassenKoolstofverbinding Brutoformule Functionele groep Kenmerkend Uitgang
Alkanen CnH2n+2 -aan
enkelvoudige binding
Alkenen CnH2n -een
tweevoudige binding
Alkynen CnH2n-2 -yn
drievoudige bindingen
Halogeenalkane R-X (X= F, Cl, Br, I) Halogenen -aan
n
Alcoholen CnH2n+2O R-OH Hydroxylgroep -ol
-OH
Ethers CnH2n+2O R-O-R’ Alkoxygroep -oxy…aan
-O-
Aldehyden CnH2nO R-CHO Eindstandig -anal
Carbonylgroep
-CHO
Ketonen CnH2nO R-CO-R’ Carbonylgroep -on
-CO
Carbonzuren CnH2nO2 R-COOH Eindstandig -zuur
Carboxylgroep
-COOH
Esters CnH2nO2 R-COO-R’ Carboxylgroep -anoaat
-COO
Aminen R-NH2 Kan eindstandig -amine
Aminegroep
-NH2
Amiden R-CONH2 Eindstandig -amide
Amidegroep
-CONH2
Naamgeving:
1. Kleinste getal
2. Som v/d getallen zo klein mogelijk
3. Zijketens volgens alfabet
4. Minst aantal zijketens
5. Meerdere zijketens -> Grieks telwoord
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