Summary
Samenvatting Celorganellen
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De functies en dergelijke van de celorganellen (uit de cursus).
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De celorganellen1. De Mitochondrien:
Vorm: Rond/ staafvorm + enzymen + veel ATP (sperma)
Functie:
- Celademhaling --> verbranding glucose
- ADP --> ATP (oxidatieve fosforylatie) plant (chloroplast): fosforylatie
Membraan: Dubbel --> eigen (binnen) + membraan van E.R.
Grootte: 1 – 2 µm
Ontstaan: Endosymbiose = samenleven prokaryoot + voorloper eukaryoot
Speciaal: Cristae
= Plooien in binnenste membraan
Vorm: matrix + mitochondriaal DNA + mitoribosomen + eigen RNA + aantal varieert + in groep
Eigenschap: Dynamisch = fusie en fissie
Ziektes: Mitochondriale encefalomyopathie:
Reden: aantal mitochondria omhoog resultaat: spiercellen misvormd, rare bewegingen
Processen:
Fusie en fissie
1. Mitochondria gesplitst door prote
2. Insnoering
3. 2 ingesnoerde mitochondria samen = fuseren tot 1 grote
, Jarno Vandamme Cel – en wefselbiologie 1ste bachelor farmacie
Celademhaling:
1. Glycolyse:
Glucose wordt geoxideerd tot pyruvaat
Pyruvaat wordt geoxideerd tot acetyl co – enzym A
2. Citroenzuurcyclus (= Krebscyclus):
Acetyl co-enzym A: opnieuw gebruikt
H2O + CO2 gevormd
NAD+ gereduceerd tot NADPH
3. Elektronentransport en protonengradient: (intermediare ruimte)
= Onttrekkken e- (e- gradient gevormd)
Energie overgedragen in kleine porties
H+ buiten (tegen de gradient in)
4. ATP-synthese:
Door de ATP-synthase
H+ van buiten naar binnen laten vloeien
= Energie gevormd (ADP + P wordt ATP (Oxidatieve fosforylatie))
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