Psychology 101 Exam (Correct answers provided)

Psychology correct answers The science of processes and behaviors What are the values of Psychology? correct answers 1. empirical evidence 2. critical thinking 3. systematic research methods What are the goals of Psychology? correct answers 1. description 2. explanation 3. prediction 4. facilitating changes (therapy) Aristotle correct answers Lived from 384 to 322. Believed that knowledge was acquired through experience Nature Vs. Nurture correct answers Are a persons characteristics mostly inborn or learned? Four Laws of Association correct answers 1. Law of Similarity 2. Law of Contrast 3. Law of Contiguity 4. Law of Frequency Descartes correct answers French Philosopher () Believed that behavior was controlled by the mind or will; we freely choose our actions Ernst Heinrich Weber correct answers () - Psychologist at Leipzig. - Introduced Just Noticeable Differences as the unit of measure (ratio of weight) Gustav Fechner correct answers () Formalized and developed Weber's Law; showed that it implied a relationship between stimulus intensity and the intensity of sensation. Herman Ebbinghaus correct answers () - Inspired by Fechner to discover quantitative order in higher mental processes. - Great innovator - Influence has lasted over 100 years - Developer of the Learning Curve (as time passes we remember less) William James correct answers () - Wrote "The Principles of Psychology" published in 1890 - Believed the mind was a stream of consciousness - Studied various groups, not just individuals - Trained as an MD - Taught Psychology and Philosophy at Howard - Established a teaching lab in 1875