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Class notes Science The Great Irish Science Book, ISBN: 9780717185580
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Class notes Science The Great Irish Science Book, ISBN: 5580
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Class notes Science The Great Irish Science Book, ISBN: 9780717185580
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Aim: To study about the field operations and adjustments ofdifferent ploughs.
Disc plough – Adjustment, operation and maintenance
Introduction:
A Disc plow consists of a series of individually mounted,
inclined disk blades on a frame supported by furrow wheel. A
tractor –mounted disk plow has only a rear furrow wheel. Disk
plows are most suitable for conditions under which mould board
plows do not work satisfactory, such as in hard, dry soils, in
sticky soils where a mould board plow will not scour, and in
loose, push-type soils such as peat lands. A mould board plows,
in soils and moisture conditions where it works properly, does a
better job than a disk plow and has a lower specific draft.
,Disc Plough is equipped with heavy-duty tubular frame specially
designedfor deep ploughing / land preparation of rough soil.
Regular and satisfactory operations together with economic and
long lasting use of the plough depend on the compliance with
instructions given in manufacturer’s handbook.
2.Adjustments
In order to get better results from disc plough under field
conditions, the following adjustments are necessary (Fig: 2.):
a)Cutting Angle Adjustment: - Discs would not cut if they are
rolled straight ahead. They must be set at anangle. Provision is
made in the plough standard for the adjustment of the horizontal
disc angle and vertical tilt angle to obtain optimum disc
operation indifferent soil conditions.
1. Disc Angle is the angle which the plain of cutting edge
makes with the line of travel. It is normally 42 -̊ 45̊.
Reducing this angle increases the disc rotation with
respect to ground speed and reduces the tendency of
the plough to over cut. Increasing the disc angle
improves the disc penetration.
2. Tilt Angle is the angle which the plain of the cutting
edge makes with the vertical line. It ranges from 15 ̊ -
25 .̊ Increasing the tilt angle improves disc penetration
in heavy, sticky soils. Decreasing the tilt angle
improves disc penetration in loose and brittle soils.
, b)Width of cut adjustment: -Every disc plough has a particular
width of cut ranging from 18-25 cm depending on the diameter
of the blade. However to suit various draft and penetration
requirements the width of the cut for the front disc can be
adjusted with the help of cross shaft. Cross shaft has an index
line which can be lined up with different (1, 2, 3) markings on
the cross shaft carrier.
c)Leveling the plough: - The level of the plough is controlled by
the tractor top link. If the rear end of the plough beam is higher
than the front end of the beam, lengthen the top link. If rear end
of the plough beam is lower than the front end, then shorten the
top link. Lateral leveling is controlled by adjusting the length of
the tractor right lowerlink. These adjustments must be made
with the plough prior to operation.
d)Tightening the bearing: - Bearings must be kept tight. Tighten
the castle nuts until the disc binds the hub.
e)Scrapper adjustments: - Scrappers are set low enough to catch
and turn the furrow slice before it falls away from the disc. For
deeper ploughing, the scrapper has to be set a little higher. For
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