INTERCULTURELE
COMMUNICATIE
Inhoud
week 1............................................................................................................................... 4
hoofstuk 1.......................................................................................................................... 4
inleiding.......................................................................................................................... 4
wat is cultuur?................................................................................................................. 4
cultuur of subcultuur....................................................................................................... 4
multi-collectiviteit, multi-culturaliteit en meervoudige identiteit.....................................5
nationale samenleving en nationale cultuur: homogeniteit en heterogeniteit................5
inhoud van een cultuur................................................................................................... 5
opbouw van een cultuur.................................................................................................. 5
werking cultuur: als model van de werkelijkheid.............................................................6
werking cultuur: als model voor de werkelijkheid...........................................................6
cultuur als normaliteit en verbindend element...............................................................6
verwerving van cultuur: enculturatie..............................................................................6
dynamiek van de cultuur................................................................................................ 7
interne spanning binnen een cultureel model.................................................................7
aanbod van verschillende alternatieve culturele modellen.............................................7
ontoereikendheid van een cultureel model.....................................................................7
duurzaamheid van de cultuur......................................................................................... 7
handelt de persoon of de cultuur?..................................................................................7
is de cultuur allesbepalend of heeft de mens een vrije wil?............................................8
cultuurschok................................................................................................................... 8
cultuur en macht............................................................................................................. 9
de norm en de afwijking.................................................................................................. 9
collectieve ervaringen van machtsongelijkheid..............................................................9
week 2............................................................................................................................... 9
hoofdstuk 2........................................................................................................................ 9
inleiding.......................................................................................................................... 9
culturalisme is begrijpelijk en achtergrondkennis is belangrijk.......................................9
risico’s van een culturaliserende benadering................................................................10
hoofdstuk 3...................................................................................................................... 10
inleiding........................................................................................................................ 10
een systeemtheoretische visie op diversiteitbewuste communicatie............................10
1
, interculturele ontmoetingen deculturaliseren...............................................................10
inclusief denken en handelen.......................................................................................10
het principe van de erkende gelijkheid.........................................................................11
het principe van de erkende verscheidenheid..............................................................11
inclusief denken en handelen in de praktijk..................................................................11
wat is communicatie?................................................................................................... 11
circulaire beïnvloeding..................................................................................................11
sociale representatie..................................................................................................... 12
het alledaagse en vanzelfsprekende karakter van sociale representaties....................12
sociale representaties als generatie, veroordelen en stereotypen................................12
effecten van sociale relaties......................................................................................... 12
sociale representaties: een kwestie van macht.............................................................12
sociale representaties als sociale druk..........................................................................12
Topoi-model.................................................................................................................. 12
geldigheidsaanspraken.................................................................................................13
topoi-model reflectie- en interventiekader....................................................................13
week 3............................................................................................................................. 13
hoofdstuk 4...................................................................................................................... 13
inleiding........................................................................................................................ 13
context.......................................................................................................................... 13
contextuele aanwijzing................................................................................................. 13
hoge en lage context communicatie.............................................................................14
verbale en non-verbale taal..........................................................................................14
verbale taal................................................................................................................... 14
betekenis van de eigen taal..........................................................................................14
taalbeheersing.............................................................................................................. 14
communicatiestijlen...................................................................................................... 14
verschillen in communicatiestijl tussen mannen en vrouwen........................................15
woordenschat............................................................................................................... 15
impliciet taalgebruik..................................................................................................... 15
beleefdheid................................................................................................................... 15
interactionele regels..................................................................................................... 16
taboeonderwerpen........................................................................................................ 16
non-verbale vormen...................................................................................................... 16
waarneming.................................................................................................................. 16
oogcontact.................................................................................................................... 16
begroetingen................................................................................................................ 16
persoonlijke ruimte....................................................................................................... 16
2
, expressie van gevoelens en bedoelingen......................................................................16
non-verbaal aandacht geven........................................................................................16
omgang met tijd............................................................................................................ 17
stiltes en pauzes........................................................................................................... 17
afgesproken tekens....................................................................................................... 17
week 4............................................................................................................................. 17
hoofdstuk 5...................................................................................................................... 17
inleiding........................................................................................................................ 17
interpunctie als ordeningsproces..................................................................................17
collectieven verschillen in ordening..............................................................................17
globe-dimensies van culturen.......................................................................................17
dimensies van hofstede................................................................................................ 19
denkwijze en cognities..................................................................................................19
subjectieve verschillen in ordening...............................................................................19
hierarchie van contexten.............................................................................................. 20
week 5............................................................................................................................. 20
hoofdstuk 6...................................................................................................................... 20
inleiding........................................................................................................................ 21
recursiviteit van de communicatie................................................................................21
recursiviteit binnen groepen......................................................................................... 21
interpersoonlijke zienswijzen........................................................................................21
belang van toetsen van interpersoonlijke zienswijzen..................................................21
meervoudige identiteit.................................................................................................. 21
intersectioneel, caleidoscopisch of kruispuntdenken....................................................22
intersectioneel denken in de communicatie..................................................................22
rollen en verwachtingen................................................................................................ 22
hoe mensen met elkaar om willen gaan.......................................................................22
roos van leary............................................................................................................... 23
invloed van sociale representaties op interpersoonlijke zienswijzen.............................23
normbeelden................................................................................................................. 24
vooroordelen................................................................................................................. 24
week 6............................................................................................................................. 24
hoofdstuk 7...................................................................................................................... 24
inleiding........................................................................................................................ 24
cultuur of organisatie.................................................................................................... 24
organisatie op interpersoonlijk niveau..........................................................................24
organisatie op beleidsniveau........................................................................................24
hoofdstuk 8...................................................................................................................... 25
3
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