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Summary Btec applied science unit 5 Physics revision booklet $18.69
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Summary Btec applied science unit 5 Physics revision booklet

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This document is a revision booklet for BTEC Applied Science Level 3 Unit 5 Physics, which is an examined unit in applied science. This booklet covers ALL topics in unit 5, Physics, in an organised way.

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  • April 25, 2023
  • 18
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

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,Converting from Celsius (c) to Kelvin (k):

0 degrees Celsius = 273.15 Kelvins 0 Kelvins = - 273.15
Kelvins

Formula:

°C + 273.15 = K K - 273.15 = °C

Physical characteristics of Gases

 It takes the shape of the container and assumes the volume
 It is the most compressible state of matter
 It mixes evenly and entirely when confined to the same container
 It has a lower density than liquids and solids

How is the pressure of the gas caused?
It is caused by collisions, which is the momentum transfer of the molecules of the
gas with walls of the container.
What affects the frequency of the collisions?
The size of the pressure is impacts to how often the molecules hit the wall of the
container.


Pistons
 The increase of temperature, cause more kinetic energy hence the molecules
are more energetic, therefore more collisions occur between the molecules
and the walls.

 Increasing the temperature will increase the pressure

 Decreasing the volume will reduce the frequency of the collisions, increasing
the pressure

 When gas is heated using spark plugs it expand, confining the gas, hence
increasing the pressure.


 The pressure will them exert a force on the surface of the piston, causing it
to move.

, Ideal Gas Law


 A gas constant will change when dealing with different units of pressure and
volume

 An ideal gas will behave as expected based on the assumptions of kinetic
theory.


Formula


PV = Number pf particles in gas X Boltzmann constant (1.3807 x 10 ) X Temperature
-23



PV = N X k X T

R
The pressure laws (Pressure vs Temperature)


 Temperature is directly proportional to pressure, e.g., Temperature
increases, Pressure increases.

 As the temperature of a gas increase, the pressure will increase as well.


 The gas is heated > The particles will move faster colliding more frequently
with the walls of the container > a great force is exerted onto the walls > Volume
remains the same > Pressure increases


Formula

K = Pressure (P) / Temperature (T)




Boyles’s law (Pressure vs Volume)

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