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Biochemie 1College 1
H3 P75-89
3.1
Eiwitten= polymeren van aminozuren waarvan elk aminozuur residu verbonden is aan zijn buurman
door een specifieke type covalente binding.
Worden afgebroken door hydrolisatie
Lineaire keten van aminozuren
Aminozuren: bouwstenen
20 aminozuren
Bestaan uit:
o Carboxygroep COOH
o Aminogroep NH3
o R-groep = voor iedere aminozuur anders van structuur, grootte, elektrische lading en
die invloed heeft op de oplosbaarheid in water van het aminozuur
Koolstofatoom gebonden aan 4 verschillende groepen, behalve bij glycine:
o Carboxygroep
o Aminogroep
o Z-groep
o Waterstofatoom
α- koolstofatoom = chiral center
o hierdoor 2 mogelijke stereoisomeren
enantiomers; 2 stereoisomeren die spiegelbeeld zijn
l-isomeren; alle eiwitten komen voor in deze structuur
D-isomeren; zeldzaam, eiwitten komen alleen in deze structuur voor
als ze gemaakt worden in lab.
Onderverdeeld in 5 klasses:
Nonpolar aliphatic R groups:
Atomen die graag elektronen naar zich toe willen trekken
Apolair bestaan uit alleen kool en waterstof
Meer egale verdeling van lading
Hydrofoob
Aliphatic = geen benzeengroepen
Glycine GLY G
Alanine ALA A
Proline PRO P
Valine VAL V
Leucine LEU L
Isoleucine ILE I
Methionine MET M
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