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Summary Lymphatic system for nursing
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In-depth notes of the lymphatic system with diagrams
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Lymphatic system lu 11Introduction
• Lymphatic system returns fluids leaked from vascular system back to blood.
Consists of 3 parts:
1) network of lymphatic vessels
2) lymph fluid ( in vessels)
3) lymph nodes (clean lymph)
• Lymphoid organs & tissues - structural basis of immune system (phagocytic cells & lymphocytes)
• Essential role in defence mechanism & disease resistance
• Remember that hydrostatic and osmotic pressure force fluids out of capillary beds at the arterial ends & reabsorption at the venous ends
• Fluid remaining behind - part of interstitial fluid
• Leaked fluid & plasma proteins must be returned to ensure CVS has sufficient blood volume
• Lymphatic vessels (lymphatics) collect fluid & return it to blood
• Once fluid enters lymphatic vessels - lymph (clear water)
Functions:
• Return excess tissue fluid to The blood
• Return leaked proteins to blood
• Carry pathogens to lymph nodes
• Carry absorbed fat from intestines to blood (lacteals)
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Lymphoid cells:
• Immune system cells found in lymphoid tissues
• LYMPHOCYTES:
• 2 main types – T lymphocytes & B lymphocytes
• Protect the body against antigens
• Activated T-cells manage immune response, some attacking & destroying infected cells directly
• Activated B-cells protect the body by producing plasma cells – secrete antibodies into body fluids
• Antibodies mark antigens for destruction
Macrophages
• Phagocytize foreign substances & help activate T-cells
Dendritic cells
• Capture antigens & carry them back to lymph nodes
• Also activate T-cells
Reticular cells
• Fibroblast like cells
• Supports other cell types in lymphoid organs & tissues
Lymphoid tissue:
• Important component of immune system
Houses lymphocytes & provides sites where it can be activated & proliferated
Ideal surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes & macrophages
• Largely composed of loose reticular connective tissue that dominates all lymphoid organs except thymus
• Lymphocytes cycle through circulatory vessels, lymphoid tissues & loose connective tissues ensuring they reach infected / damaged tissue quickly
Types of lymphoid tissue:
DIFFUSE LYMPHOID TISSUE:
• Loose arrangement of lymphoid cells & reticular fibers
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