Psychology correct answers The scientific study of mind and behavior.
Data correct answers Any information collected through formal observation or measurement.
Hindsight bias correct answers The tendency to think that we could have predicted something that has already occurred that we probabl...
psychology correct answers the scientific study of mind and behavior
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Psychology Topics (correct answers)
Psychology correct answers The scientific study of mind and behavior.
Data correct answers Any information collected through formal observation or
measurement.
Hindsight bias correct answers The tendency to think that we could have predicted
something that has already occurred that we probably would not have been able to
predict.
scientific method correct answers The set of assumptions, rules, and procedures that
scientists use to conduct empirical research.
levels of explanation correct answers The perspectives that are used to understand
behavior.
individual differences correct answers The variations among people on physical or
psychological dimensions.
structuralism correct answers Uses the method of introspection to identify the basic
elements or "structures" of psychological experience
functionalism correct answers Attempts to understand why animals and humans have
developed the particular psychological aspects that they currently possess
psychodyamic correct answers Focuses on the role of our unconscious thoughts,
feelings, and
memories and our early childhood experiences in determining behavior
behaviorism correct answers Based on the premise that it is not possible to objectively
study the mind, and therefore that psychologists should limit their attention to the study
of behavior itself
cognitive correct answers The study of mental processes, including perception, thinking,
memory, and judgments
social-cultural correct answers The study of how the social situations and the cultures in
which people find themselves influence thinking and behavior
heritability correct answers The proportion of the observed differences on
characteristics among people (e.g., in terms of their height, intelligence, or optimism)
that is due to genetics.
nature vs nurture correct answers Are genes or environment most influential in
determining the behavior of individuals and in accounting for differences among people?
,free will vs determinism correct answers This question concerns the extent to which
people have control over their own actions. Are we the products of our environment,
guided by forces out of our control, or are we able to choose the behaviors we engage
in?
accuracy vs inaccuracy correct answers To what extent are humans good information
processors?
conscious vs unconscious correct answers To what extent are we conscious of our own
actions and the causes of them, and to what extent are our behaviors caused by
influences that we are not aware of?
differences vs similarities correct answers To what extent are we all similar, and to what
extent are we different?
plato and aristotle correct answers Earliest psychologists that we know about. One
believed that knowledge was innate, and the other believed that each human is born as
an empty slate.
introspection correct answers A method of learning about psychological processes in
which research participants are asked to describe exactly what they experience as they
work on mental tasks.
evolutionary psychology correct answers A branch of psychology that applies the
Darwinian theory of natural selection to human and animal behavior.
fitness correct answers The extent to which having a given genetic characteristic helps
an individual organism survive and reproduce at a higher rate than do other members of
the species who do not have the characteristic.
psychodynamic psychology correct answers An approach to understanding human
behavior that focuses on the role of unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories.
social norms correct answers The ways of thinking, feeling, or behaving that are shared
by group members and are perceived by them as appropriate.
culture correct answers A common set of social norms, including religious and family
values and other moral beliefs, shared by the people who live in a geographical region.
biopsychology and neuroscience correct answers This field examines the physiological
bases of behavior in animals and humans by studying the functioning of different brain
areas and the effects of hormones and neurotransmitters on behavior.
,clinical and counseling psychology correct answers These are the largest fields of
psychology. The focus is on the assessment, diagnosis, causes, and treatment of
mental disorders.
developmental psychology correct answers These psychologists conduct research on
the cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur across the lifespan.
forensic psychology correct answers Apply psychological principles to understand the
behavior of judges, attorneys, courtroom juries, and others in the criminal justice
system.
health psychology correct answers Concerned with understanding how biology,
behavior, and the social situation influence health and illness.
industrial- organizational and environmental psychology correct answers Applies
psychology to the workplace with the goal of improving the performance and well-being
of employees.
personality psychology correct answers These psychologists study people and the
differences among them. The goal is to develop theories that explain the psychological
processes of individuals, and to focus on individual differences.
school and educational psychology correct answers This field studies how people
learn in school, the effectiveness
of school programs, and the psychology of teaching.
social and cross-cultural psychology correct answers This field examines people's
interactions with other people. Topics of study include conformity, group behavior,
leadership, attitudes, and person perception
sports psychology correct answers This field studies the psychological aspects of sports
behavior. The goal is to understand the psychological factors that influence
performance in sports, including the role of exercise and team interactions.
basic research correct answers Research that answers fundamental questions about
behavior.
applied research correct answers Research that investigates issues that have
implications for everyday life and provides solutions to everyday problems.
empirical correct answers Based on systematic collection and analysis of data.
objective correct answers Free from the personal bias or emotions of the scientist
laws correct answers Principles that are so general as to apply to all situations in a
given domain of inquiry.
, theory correct answers An integrated set of principles that explains and predicts many,
but not all, observed relationships within a given domain of inquiry.
falsifiable correct answers A characteristic of a theory or research hypothesis in which
the variables of interest can be adequately measured and the predicted relationships
among the variables can be shown through research to be incorrect.
research hypothesis correct answers A specific and falsifiable prediction about the
relationship between or among two or more variables.
variable correct answers Any attribute that can assume different values among different
people or across different times or places.
conceptual variables correct answers Abstract ideas that form the basis of research
hypotheses.
measured variables correct answers Variables consisting of numbers that represent the
conceptual variables.
operational definition correct answers A precise statement of how a conceptual variable
is turned into a measured variable.
deception correct answers A situation that occurs whenever research participants are
not completely and fully informed about the nature of the research project before
participating in it.
institutional review board correct answers A committee of at least five members whose
goal is to determine cost-benefit ratio of research conducted within an institution.
informed consent correct answers A procedure, conducted before a participant begins a
research session, designed to explain the research procedures and inform the
participant of his or her rights during the investigation.
debriefing correct answers A procedure designed to fully explain the purposes and
procedures of the research and remove any harmful aftereffects of participation.
research design correct answers An approach used to collect, analyze, and interpret
data.
descriptive research correct answers Research designed to provide a snapshot of the
current state of affairs. Complete picture, but does not assess relationships among
variables.
correlational research correct answers Research designed to discover relationships
among variables and to allow the prediction of future events from present knowledge.
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