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Unit 12 - Assignment 3 - Diseases and infection
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Unit 12 assignment 3 applied science. Diseases and infections. attained distinction grade on resubmission.
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Unit 12 - Assignment 3C: Understand how infectious diseases can be treated and managed.
A wide range of illnesses can be treated using particular medicines. Treatments are selected
and provided based on the individual infectious or non-contagious illness and can range from
pharmaceutical regimens to more sophisticated treatments such as rehydration therapy,
each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks.
Antibiotics are a type of medication that either suppresses or kills germs. They are customised
to increase specificity efficiency and are used to treat or prevent bacterial infection by either
killing or stopping them from proliferating. In general, your immune system can deal with
bacterial infections because white blood cells aggressively fight them off; but, on rare
occasions, the number of dangerous bacteria is excessive, and the immune system cannot
cope. This is when antibiotics are required.
There are several antibiotics, each of which works in a distinct way. However, there are two
sorts of antibiotics. The first is a bactericidal antibiotic, such as penicillin, which kills the
bacteria. These medications generally inhibit the development of the bacterial cell wall or its
contents. A bacteriostatic prevents germs from reproducing; nevertheless, it may take several
hours or days after the initial dosage for patients to feel better or for their symptoms to
improve. Antibiotics act to impair the function of cell membranes, halt protein synthesis in
the ribosome, stop nucleic acid synthesis in the DNA, stop cell wall production, impede
pathways, and inhibit folic acid metabolism. The second is a bacteriostatic, such as
chloramphenicol. A bactericidal chemical is distinguished by the fact that these antimicrobial
therapies actively destroy microorganisms.
These medications affect the cell wall, lipids, enzymes, or protein synthesis within the cell, or
occasionally they combine various strategies to "target" microbes. By destroying the cell walls
of existing bacteria and preventing the growth of new ones, bactericidal substances cause
bacterial cells to die off, reducing the number of germs present in the afflicted person. When
absolute kill is sought to maintain aseptic conditions, bactericidal technologies, which cause
permanent cell death, are widely utilised in materials used in healthcare facilities.
Experts advise against using antibiotics unless absolutely necessary. As a result, the germs are
eliminated and are unable to grow and spread to other parts of the body. Furthermore, using
antibiotics may occasionally result in negative consequences such as antibiotic resistance.
Antibiotic resistance develops when bacteria stop responding to drugs that are supposed to
kill them. Antibiotic resistance is increasing as a result of improper antibiotic prescription.
Antibiotic addiction can occur when the incorrect medicine (or dosage) is administered.
Misuse may occur when patients do not take antibiotics as prescribed by their doctor. Even if
they have the same symptoms, people may take precautions such as finishing their course of
treatment and not sharing antibiotics with others.
There are a few different methods that can be used to combat disease process. The first is
medication, for example a person will use antibiotics to treat a disease. Antibiotics are
chemical compounds that kill bacteria or inhibit their growth. For virus’ however antibiotics
will not work, so through intensive research, several antiviral drugs have been developed.
Antivirals are drugs that are used to halt viral infections and, like antibiotics, demonstrate
specificity for specific viruses. The tremendous rate of mutation of RNA viruses including
influenza, measles, coronavirus, and polio makes medication creation difficult since the
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