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Ionic & Covalent bonds (Chemistry, grade 9)
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A document consisting of notes about ionic and covalent bonds in chemistry, written for students in grade 9.
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IONSNILADRI
MUKHERJEE
IIOONNIICC CCOOMMPPOOUUNNDDSS AANNDD CCOOVVAALLEENNTT CCOOMMPPOOUUNNDDSS
COVALENT BONDING INVOLVES THE SHARING OF ELECTRONS
BETWEEN TWO OR MORE ATOMS. IONIC BONDS FORM WHEN TWO
OR MORE IONS COME TOGETHER AND ARE HELD TOGETHER BY
CHARGE DIFFERENCES.
thumb rule
METAL + NONMETAL = IONIC
stability
METAL + NONMETAL
METAL + POLYATOMIC ANION = IONIC CATIONS ( + ) + ANIONS ( - )
POLYATOMIC CATION + ANION = IONIC OPPOSITE CHARGES ATTRACT
covalent bonds
NONMETAL + NONMETAL = COVALENT
ionic bonds
IONIC COMPOUNDS ARE ELECTRICALLY
A COVALENT BOND CONSISTS OF THE
MUTUAL SHARING OF ONE OR MORE
PAIRS OF ELECTRONS BETWEEN TWO
NEUTRAL GROUPS OF IONS JOINED ATOMS. THESE ELECTRONS ARE
TOGETHER BY ELECTROSTATIC SIMULTANEOUSLY ATTRACTED BY THE
FORCES. TWO ATOMIC NUCLEI. A COVALENT
BOND FORMS WHEN THE DIFFERENCE
THE POSITIVE CHARGES OF THE BETWEEN THE ELECTROMAGNETISM OF
CATIONS MUST EQUAL THE NEGATIVE TWO ATOMS IS TOO SMALL FOR AN
CHARGES OF THE ANIONS. ELECTRON TRANSFER TO OCCUR TO
FORM IONS.
KEY TAKEAWAY:
IONIC BONDS TAKE THE SCAN
VALENCE E-, WHILE TO
COVALENT BONDS LEARN
SHARE THE VALENCE E-. MORE!
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