Summary
Summary Schizophrenia
- Course
- Institution
Summary of 8 pages for the course Package deal at AQA (Schizophrenia)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
jesslb01
Content preview
SCHIZOPHRENIA, CLASSIFICATION OF MENTAL
DISORDER = process of organising
DISCUSS ISSUES OF RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY ASSOCIATED WITH
symptoms into categories based on CLASSIFICATION AND/OR DIAGNOSIS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
which symptoms cluster together in
sufferers. 1. Reliability – extent to which the diagnosis of schizophrenia consistent?
2. Validity – extent to which diagnosis + classification techniques actually measuring s
HALLUCINATIONS: 3. Co-morbidity – occurrence of 2 illnesses together = confuses diagnosis and treatme
SCHIZOPHRENIA = severe mental illness Sensory experiences with no basis in reality OR distorted perceptions 4. Symptom overlap – when 2 or more conditions share symptoms = questions the va
where contact with reality and insight are of real things = hearing voices or seeing people who aren’t there. 5. Cultural bias – why are people of African origin diagnosed more often than other gro
impaired (type of psychosis). DELUSIONS: 6. Gender bias – why are men diagnosed more often than women?
Firm beliefs that seem real BUT not real.
- Paranoid delusions + delusions of grandeur Diagnosis of schizophrenia is lo
Low reliability in diagnosis in 1970s = DSM
EXPERIENCES OF CONTROL: E = Cheniaux et al. (2009): 2 psyc
Characterised by: E = Rosenhan (1970): ‘On being sane in insane
Person believes under control of alien force that invaded their mind diagnose 100 patients using DSM
places’: ‘normal’ people pretended suffering from
• a profound disruption of cognition and emotion, (presence of spirits, implanted radio transmitters).
auditory hallucinations + diagnosed with • 1 psychiatrist diagnosed 26 with
• a loss of contact with external reality. DISORDERED THINKING: 44 using ICD.
schizophrenia + admitted US psychiatric hospitals.
Affects 1% of people at some point in their life. Feeling thoughts have been inserted/withdrawn from mind.
E = Behaved ‘normally’. However, staff failed • 2nd psychiatrist diagnosed 13 w
Prevalence:
recognised they ‘normal’. • L = Inconsistency between ment
• males (1.4 x) > females E = Follow-up study: Rosenhan warned hospitals of different classi cation systems =
• cities > countryside intention to send more pseudo-patients + resulted reliability poor.
• working-class > middle-class POS. SYMPTOMS = re ect excess/distortion of normal 21% detection rate although NO pseudo-patients ALSO
functioning - additional experiences beyond those of turned up! Shows schizophrenia more likely t
ordinary existence (hallucinations or delusions). L = Serious implications as sane people might be than DSM.
CLASSIFICATION OF institutionalised + vice-versa. L =Schizophrenia either over-diag
diagnosed in DSM = poor validity +
SCHIZOPHRENIA:
AVOLITION: Despite Rosenhan’s ndings discrediting psychiatry
- Loss of desires + interest = often mistaken for apparent disinterest. = positives came out of it:
ICD-10 = used in UK POVERTY OF SPEECH (ALOGIA):
• Revised versions of DSM ! validity of diagnosis Co-morbidity
- Lessening of speech uency and productivity (delay), thought to re ect of schizophrenia E = When 2 or more conditions
International Classi cation of Disease, edition 10
slowing or blocked thoughts. E = Buckley et al. (2009): conc
• Raised standards in care in psychiatric institutions
DSM-V = used in USA - Disorganised + incoherent.
• Regular check-ups patients with diagnosis of schiz
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, edition 5 AFFECTED FLATTERING:
diagnosis of depression (50%)
A reduction in the range + intensity of emotional expression.
(47%).
L = In terms of classi cation, if
DIAGNOSIS GUIDELINES OF Symptom overlap between schizophrenia + other conditions
like schizophrenia + vice versa
NEG. SYMPTOMS = re ect diminution/loss of E = Schizophrenia + bipolar disorder = both involve positive
SCHIZOPHRENIA: as single condition = limitation.
normal functioning - loss of usual abilities + symptoms (delusions) + negative symptoms (avolition).
• 2 diagnostic criteria to be met over least 1 month:
- delusions, hallucinations, or disorganised experiences (avolition or speech poverty). E = Questions validity of classification + diagnosis
speech. E = ICD10: schizophrenia; DSM: bipolar disorder
- negative symptoms, or severely disorganised or L = Confusion could lead wrong label/ treatment. + could
catatonic behaviour (zombie behaviour). SYMPTOMS OF schizophrenia + bipolar be one condition (and not 2)?
SCHIZOPHRENIA:
fi fi fifl fifl fl
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jesslb01. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.14. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64450 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now