Summary Introduction to Programming Course Commands Guide
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Course
411933
Institution
IE University
This document contains a guide on the R studio commands and what the command is used for to create and work with mathematical operations, readline variables, character variables, conditional statements, loops, functions, arrays and vectors, data frames, merges, and all of the dplyr commands.
● cat(“ “) → display a sentence on the screen
Cat without quotation is used to display variables. Ex. a=3, cat(a), 3 is displayed
● typeof → show what kind of variable it is
OPERATIONS FOR NUMERIC VARIABLES
● + → addition
● - → subtraction
● * → multiplication
● %/% → floor division: without decimals (rounded)
● %%==0 → modulus: check if remainder of a division is 0
● %%# → modulus: divide numbers by # and extract the remainder of the division
READLINE
● readline(”TEXT”) → Ask for information from the user of the script. Always
character variable
To convert readline variables into other variables:
● variable = as.numeric(variable)
● variable = as.integer(variable)
● variable = as.character(variable)
● variable = as.logic = (variable)
COMMANDS FOR CHARACTER VARIABLES
● nchar(text_variable) → number of characters in text_variable
● toupper(text_variable) → put in uppercase
● tolower(text_variable) → put in lowercase
, ● gsub(“st”,”street”, text) → change “st” for “street” in text
● gsub(“ “,””,name of variable) → to delete all spaces in a variable
● grepl(“word”, text_variable) → check if a word is in the variable
Transform word to lower case first
● substr(text_variable, number, number) → Show the characters in position of first
number until the second number
● paste0(variable 1, variable 2) → paste two variables together
CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
If (condition a) {
if it is false, then…
}else if (condition b)
….
}else{
}
Final else is optional and always without condition
For conditions:
● a > b → greater than
● a < b → less than
● a == b → equal to
● a & b → a and b
● a|b → a or b
LOOPS
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