Dit document bevat een samenvatting voor het vak Community Based Werken (CBW) dat gegeven wordt in het derde jaar Orthopedagogie. Deze samenvatting bestaat uit notities uit de les en aanvullingen met de artikelen uit de syllabus.
community based werken in internationaal perspectief
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Community Based Werken
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COMMUNITY BASED
WERKEN IN
INTERNATIONAAL
PERSPECTIEF
Samenvatting semester 2
Bachelor in de Orthopedagogie
2022-2023
Femke Peeters
,Inhoud
1. TRANSCULTURALITEIT
Inleiding..................................................................................................................................................8
Maatschappelijke context......................................................................................................................8
Migratie..............................................................................................................................................8
Mondialisering....................................................................................................................................9
Superdiversiteit................................................................................................................................10
Kruispuntdenken / intersectionaliteit...............................................................................................10
Implicaties voor de hulpverlening........................................................................................................11
Cultuur..................................................................................................................................................12
Cohesie-model..................................................................................................................................12
Cultuur..............................................................................................................................................13
Naar transculturele/cultuur-sensitieve ondersteuning........................................................................14
Intergerelateerde componenten......................................................................................................16
A) Affectief – sensitiviteit..............................................................................................................17
B) Gedragsmatig – bekwaamheid.................................................................................................17
C) Cognitief – bewustzijn..............................................................................................................18
Hulp verlenen = handelen in socio-culturele context.......................................................................18
‘Self-awereness’, ‘other-awareness’ en ‘situational awareness’......................................................19
Meerlagig transculturaliseringsproces in de hulpverlening..............................................................19
Doelstellingen.......................................................................................................................................20
Inleiding................................................................................................................................................21
Vermaatschappelijking is hot................................................................................................................21
Een sociohistorische benadering – Steynaert (2014)............................................................................21
Eerste variant – verzorgingsstaat......................................................................................................22
Tweede variant – kritiek op residentiële zorg...................................................................................22
Derde variant – normalisatieprincipe...............................................................................................23
Vierde variant – veronderstelde ineffectiviteit.................................................................................24
Veranderde positie binnen GGZ.......................................................................................................24
Nieuw begrip of historische constante?...........................................................................................25
Vermaatschappelijking in de huidige beleidscontext...........................................................................25
Een verhaal in verschillende sectoren..............................................................................................26
Centraal in de huidige beleidscontext..............................................................................................27
1
, Lexicon der vermaatschappelijking...................................................................................................28
Positieve en negatieve lezing – Hermans..........................................................................................28
Positieve aspecten, aandachtspunten en randvoorwaarden................................................................29
Positieve aspecten............................................................................................................................29
Aandachtspunten.............................................................................................................................30
Randvoorwaarden............................................................................................................................30
Doelstellingen.......................................................................................................................................31
Inleiding................................................................................................................................................32
Enkele definities...................................................................................................................................32
Wat is het belang van ervaringskennis, -deskundigheid en -werk?......................................................33
Historische ontwikkeling naar ervaringsdeskundigheid....................................................................34
Concrete ondersteuning bieden...................................................................................................34
Kritiek op professionele hulpverlening.........................................................................................34
Erkennen van burgerschap in MKL en maatschappelijke verandering.........................................34
Drie logica’s als complementaire processen.................................................................................34
Wat is ervaringskennis?........................................................................................................................35
Maatschappelijke kwetsbaarheid.....................................................................................................36
Kansarmoede en sociale uitsluiting..............................................................................................36
Van ervaring naar ervaringskennis...................................................................................................36
De positie van ervaringskennis.........................................................................................................38
Drie benaderingen van ervaringskennis...........................................................................................38
Valkuilen en hindernissen in ervaringskennis...................................................................................39
Wat is ervaringsdeskundigheid?...........................................................................................................39
Wat is ervaringswerk?..........................................................................................................................40
Spanningsveld.......................................................................................................................................40
Concreet...............................................................................................................................................41
Doelstellingen.......................................................................................................................................42
Artikel – buurtgerichte zorg..................................................................................................................43
Artikel – het kleine helpen....................................................................................................................44
Beeldvorming van de personen in kwetsbare situaties........................................................................46
Project ‘Maatschappelijke kwetsbaarheid in beeld’.........................................................................46
Beeldvorming over anderen.............................................................................................................47
Representaties - Stuart Hall..............................................................................................................47
Burgerschap..........................................................................................................................................47
2
, Jaren ’90 vorige eeuw.......................................................................................................................48
Burgerrechten en -plichten...............................................................................................................48
Gangbare burgerschapsconcepties...................................................................................................48
Basis voor exclusie / marginalisering................................................................................................49
Verbijzondering van zorg en afhankelijkheid....................................................................................49
Arbeidsethos.................................................................................................................................50
Joan Tronto...................................................................................................................................50
Vermaatschappelijking en circuits....................................................................................................51
Artikel – betrokken burgers..............................................................................................................52
Community-building.............................................................................................................................53
Componenten van gemeenschapsopbouw......................................................................................54
Kwartiermaken.....................................................................................................................................54
Artikel – kwartiermakers verleggen grenzen van GGZ......................................................................55
Doelstellingen.......................................................................................................................................56
Mantelzorg in beeld..............................................................................................................................57
Oorsprong term................................................................................................................................57
Van privézaak tot publiek thema......................................................................................................58
Erkende mantelzorger......................................................................................................................58
Voorwaarden................................................................................................................................58
Mantelzorgstatuut........................................................................................................................59
Naar nieuwe rolverdelingen.............................................................................................................59
Mantelzorg vs. vrijwilligerswerk.......................................................................................................60
Wie verleent welke mantelzorg?......................................................................................................60
Takenpakket mantelzorger...............................................................................................................61
Triadisch werken: samenwerken in een ‘driehoek’..............................................................................61
Steunparadox...................................................................................................................................61
Triadisch werken..............................................................................................................................62
SOFA-model......................................................................................................................................62
Beleving van mantelzorgers..................................................................................................................63
Positieve zorgbeleving – elementen in balans..................................................................................63
Mantelval – Timmermans.................................................................................................................64
Ervaren zorgbelasting.......................................................................................................................64
Zorgsituatie – stressoren..................................................................................................................64
Relatie met zorgvrager.....................................................................................................................64
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