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Chapter 13: Gravitational Fields1) Define gravitational potential at a point.
Work done per unit mass in bringing a mass from infinity to the point
2) State what is meant by a gravitational force / gravitational field strength / gravitational field.
Force per unit mass
3) State what is meant by a field of force.
Region of space where a particle experiences a force, e.g. gravitational field.
4) State Newton’s Law of Gravitation.
Gravitational Force between two-point masses is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the
square of their separation.
Chapter 14: Temperature
1) Define specific latent heat of vaporisation.
Thermal energy per unit mass to change state between liquid and gas at a constant temperature.
2) Define specific heat capacity.
Energy per unit mass to cause temperature to change.
Chapter 15: Ideal gases
1) State what is meant by an ideal gas.
A gas that obeys the law pV/T = constant where p is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature in Kelvin.
2) Kinetic Theory of Gases Assumptions:
Volume: Total volume of molecules is negligible compared to the volume occupied by the gas.
Potential Energy being Zero: No intermolecular forces
Motion of molecules: Random
Collision Time: Time of collisions negligible compared to time between collisions
Chapter 16: Thermodynamics
1) State what is meant by the internal energy of a system.
Random distribution of the total potential and kinetic energy of molecules.
2) What is meant by each part of ΔU = q + w
+q means the energy transfer done to the system by heating
+w means the work done on the system
+/-ΔU means the increase/decrease in internal energy
Chapter 17: Oscillations
1) Explain what is meant by Simple Harmonic Motion:
Acceleration proportional to displacement and acceleration is in opposite direction to its displacement.
2) State what is meant by resonance.
Oscillations at maximum amplitude when driving frequency equals natural frequency.
3) State what is meant by damping.
Loss of total energy due to resistive forces.
Chapter 18: Electric Fields
1) State what is meant by an electric field.
A region of space where a charge experiences an electric force.
2) State what is indicated by the direction of an electric field line.
Direction of force on a positive charge.
3) State what is meant by an electric field strength.
Force per unit positive charge
4) State what is meant by an electric potential at a point.
Work done per unit charge in moving that positive charge from infinity to that point.
5) State what is represented by an electric field line.
Direction of force on a positive charge.
6) Sate Coulomb’s Law.
Electric force is directly proportional to product of charges and inversely proportional to the square of their separation.
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