Question 1
According to Higgs and Waghid (2017) political and societal problems ought
to be changed in conjunction with the cultivation of democratic justice for all.
Discuss this statement. (10)
Higgs and Waghid (2017) argue that political and societal problems cannot be
solved by merely enacting policies and laws, but instead require the cultivation of
democratic justice for all. They contend that democracy should not be limited to
the political sphere, but should extend to all aspects of society, including
education. In their view, education can play a crucial role in cultivating democratic
justice by creating a space for dialogue, deliberation, and critical reflection. This
requires the inclusion of diverse perspectives and experiences, as well as the
recognition of the inherent worth and dignity of all individuals.
In practical terms, this means that educators must create learning environments that
promote democratic values such as respect, empathy, and cooperation. This can be
achieved by encouraging students to engage in respectful and inclusive dialogue,
valuing diversity, and challenging prejudice and discrimination. Educators must
also ensure that their teaching methods and materials are inclusive and
representative of diverse perspectives and experiences. Ultimately, the cultivation
of democratic justice in education is not just about the transmission of knowledge
and skills but about creating a culture of mutual respect, understanding, and
cooperation that can be extended to all aspects of society.
Chapter 2: Pragmatism and education:
From experience to linguistic turn to pragmatic turn
Question 2
Dewey regards education as reconstruction of experience. Discuss this
statement. (10)
John Dewey regards education as a reconstruction of experience. He believes that
learning is not simply the accumulation of knowledge but the process of actively
constructing meaning from experience. According to Dewey, experience is not just
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