Een hele uitgebreide samenvatting van het vak "Verloskunde en JGZ" van leerjaar 2 op hogeschool Inholland.
De samenvatting is gebaseerd op de boeken "Verloskunde, Gynaecologie en Kindergeneeskunde" en " Leerboek Kinderverpleegkunde".
In deze uitgebreide samenvatting staat de voortplanting, ...
,Inhoud
Verloskunde, Gynaecologie en kindergeneeskunde...............................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 1 Voortplanting...............................................................................................................10
1.1 Geslachtsorganen...................................................................................................................10
1.1.1 Algemene functies...........................................................................................................10
1.1.3 vrouwelijke geslachtsorganen..........................................................................................10
1.1.6 endocrinologie.................................................................................................................15
1.2 bevruchting en ontwikkeling van de vrucht............................................................................16
1.2.1 bevruchting en innesteling...............................................................................................16
1.2.3 placenta, navelstreng, vliezen, vruchtwater, foetale circulatie........................................17
Hoofdstuk 2 Normale verloskunde...................................................................................................21
2.1 Zwangerschap.........................................................................................................................21
2.1.1 Ontwikkeling van de foetus.............................................................................................21
2.1.9 Diagnostische methoden.................................................................................................21
2.2.1 In partu............................................................................................................................23
2.2.2 Algemeen beloop van de baring......................................................................................23
2.3.5 Het kind tijdens en na de baring......................................................................................23
2.4 Begeleiding van de baring.......................................................................................................24
2.4.1 Baringshoudingen............................................................................................................24
2.4.2 Pijnbestrijding..................................................................................................................25
2.4.3 partusverslag...................................................................................................................27
2.5 Kraamperiode.........................................................................................................................29
2.5.1 Ontzwangering.................................................................................................................29
2.5.2 Hormonale veranderingen...............................................................................................30
2.5.3 Begeleiding tijdens de kraamperiode..............................................................................31
2.6 Psychologische aspecten van bevalling en kraamperiode......................................................33
2.6.1 Labiliteit in de kraamperiode...........................................................................................33
2.6.2 Seksualiteit tijdens zwangerschap en kraamperiode.......................................................33
2.7 Medische indicatie voor specialistische behandeling.............................................................34
Hoofdstuk 3 Afwijkende verloskunde...............................................................................................34
3.1 Afwijkende zwangerschap......................................................................................................34
3.1.1 Afwijkende lokalisatie van de zwangerschap...................................................................34
3.1.2 afwijkende ontwikkeling..................................................................................................36
3.1.3 Milieufactoren en infecties..............................................................................................39
3.1.4 duur van de zwangerschap..............................................................................................46
, 3.1.5 foetale groei.....................................................................................................................48
3.1.6 Moederlijke factoren.......................................................................................................50
3.1.7 placenta...........................................................................................................................62
3.1.8 vruchtwater.....................................................................................................................64
3.1.9 meerlingzwangerschap....................................................................................................65
3.2 Afwijkende baring...................................................................................................................66
3.2.1 Benig baringskanaal.........................................................................................................66
3.2.2 Afwijkingen van de weke delen van het baringskanaal....................................................68
3.2.3 Afwijkende liggingen van de vrucht.................................................................................68
3.2.4 Afwijkende stand van de schedel.....................................................................................71
3.2.5 De baring bij tweelingen..................................................................................................72
3.2.6 Navelstreng......................................................................................................................72
3.2.7 Vruchtwater.....................................................................................................................74
3.2.8 Beloop van de baring.......................................................................................................74
3.2.9 Inleiden (introductie) van de baring.................................................................................80
3.3 Stoornissen tijdens het kraambed..........................................................................................84
3.3.1 Abnormaal bloedverlies...................................................................................................84
3.3.2 Stoornissen van de lactatie..............................................................................................86
3.3.3 Overige infecties..............................................................................................................88
3.3.4 stoornissen van het bloedvatenstelsel.............................................................................89
3.3.5 Stoornissen van de blaas..................................................................................................91
3.3.6 Stoornissen in motorische stelsel....................................................................................92
3.3.7 psychische stoornissen....................................................................................................93
Hoofdstuk 4 De pasgeborene...........................................................................................................94
4.1 De gezonde pasgeborene.......................................................................................................94
4.1.1 Bij geboorte.....................................................................................................................94
4.1.2 Eerste levensweek...........................................................................................................95
4.1.3 Verzorging........................................................................................................................96
4.1.4 Voeding............................................................................................................................97
4.1.5 screening (hielprik)..........................................................................................................98
4.2 De zieke pasgeborene.............................................................................................................98
4.2.1 Algemene begrippen en alarmsymptomen......................................................................98
4.2.2 Complicaties.....................................................................................................................99
4.2.3 Infecties.........................................................................................................................102
4.2.4 Aangeboren afwijkingen................................................................................................104
4.2.5 Intoxicaties.....................................................................................................................105
, 4.2.6 Begeleiding van ouders met couveusekinderen............................................................106
Hoofdstuk 13 Hormonale aandoeningen........................................................................................106
13.3 Puberteit.............................................................................................................................106
13.3.1 Te vroege puberteit (pubertas praecox)......................................................................106
13.3.2 Late puberteit..............................................................................................................107
Leerboek kinderverpleegkunde..........................................................................................................107
Hoofdstuk 1 Het gezonde kind.......................................................................................................107
1.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................107
1.2 Zuigeling...............................................................................................................................107
1.2.1 Normale ontwikkeling....................................................................................................107
1.2.2 Zorgaspecten.................................................................................................................110
1.2.3 Zorgproblemen..............................................................................................................112
1.3 Peuter...................................................................................................................................114
1.3.1 Normale ontwikkeling....................................................................................................114
1.3.2 Zorgaspecten.................................................................................................................115
1.3.3 Zorgproblemen..............................................................................................................117
1.4 Kleuter..................................................................................................................................118
1.4.1 Normale ontwikkeling....................................................................................................118
1.4.2 Zorgaspecten.................................................................................................................119
1.4.3 Zorgproblemen..............................................................................................................120
1.5 Schoolkind............................................................................................................................121
1.5.1 Normale ontwikkeling....................................................................................................121
1.5.2 Zorgaspecten.................................................................................................................123
1.5.3 Zorgproblemen..............................................................................................................124
1.6 Puber en adolescent.............................................................................................................125
1.6.1 Normale ontwikkeling....................................................................................................125
1.6.2 Zorgaspecten.................................................................................................................127
1.6.3 Zorgproblemen..............................................................................................................128
Hoofdstuk 2 Jeugdgezondheidszorg in Nederland en Vlaanderen.................................................129
2.1 Jeugdgezondheidszorg in Nederland....................................................................................129
2.1.1 Jeugdgezondheidszorg...................................................................................................129
2.1.2 Historie en visie..............................................................................................................130
2.1.3 Professionals..................................................................................................................130
2.2 Wetgeving.............................................................................................................................131
2.2.1 Wet Publieke Gezondheid..............................................................................................131
2.2.2 Wet Maatschappelijke Ondersteuning (WMO)..............................................................131
, 2.2.3 Jeugdwet........................................................................................................................131
2.3 Uitvoering jeugdgezondheidszorg 0-18 jaar.........................................................................131
2.3.1 Basispakket jeugdgezondheidszorg...............................................................................132
2.3.2 Systematisch volgen van lichamelijke, psychosociale en cognitieve ontwikkeling.........132
2.3.3 Beoordelen van ontwikkeling van kinderen, jongeren en het gezin..............................133
2.3.4 Tijdig signaleren van problemen en vroegtijdig opsporen van specifieke stoornissen. .133
2.3.5 Landelijk professioneel kader........................................................................................134
2.3.6 Werkvormen jeugdverpleegkundige..............................................................................135
2.3.7 Voorlichtingsprogramma’s.............................................................................................136
2.3.8 Ontwikkelingen in de jeugdgezondheidszorg................................................................137
2.3.9 Jeugdteams....................................................................................................................137
2.4 Jeugdgezondheidszorg in Vlaanderen...................................................................................138
2.4.1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................138
2.4.2 Doelstelling en onderliggende visie van jeugdgezondheidszorg in Vlaanderen.............138
2.4.3 Organisatie jeugdheidszorg in Vlaanderen....................................................................138
2.4.4 Centrum voor leerlingenbegeleiding.............................................................................141
2.4.5 Jeugdgezondheidszorg en jeugdhulp.............................................................................142
2.4.6 Opleiding verpleegkundigen JGZ....................................................................................142
2.4.7 Tot slot...........................................................................................................................142
Hoofdstuk 4 Veilig thuis en in het ziekenhuis: praktische en emotionele veiligheid......................142
4.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................142
4.2 Veilig opgroeien....................................................................................................................142
4.2.1 Een veilige omgeving voor kinderen van 0-18 jaar........................................................142
4.2.2 Ongevallen bij jonge kinderen.......................................................................................143
4.2.3 Ongevallen bij kinderen van 6-18 jaar...........................................................................143
4.3 Kindermishandeling..............................................................................................................143
4.3.1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................143
4.3.2 Wat is kindermishandeling?...........................................................................................143
4.3.3 Signalering.....................................................................................................................144
4.3.4 Lichamelijke kindermishandeling...................................................................................145
4.3.6 Seksueel misbruik..........................................................................................................146
4.3.7 Andere vormen..............................................................................................................147
4.3.8 Rol van de verpleegkundige...........................................................................................147
4.3.9 Veiligheid.......................................................................................................................148
4.3.10 Reacties bij hulpverleners............................................................................................149
Hoofdstuk 6 De pasgeborene met gezondheidsproblemen...........................................................149
, 6.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................149
6.2 Opname van de pasgeborene in het ziekenhuis...................................................................149
6.2.1 De verpleegkundige handelingen bij opname................................................................150
6.2.2 Observaties tijdens de opname.....................................................................................151
6.3 Verpleging in de couveuse....................................................................................................153
6.3.1 Open couveuse of warmtebedje....................................................................................153
6.3.2 Toedienen van zuurstof.................................................................................................153
6.3.3 Fototherapie..................................................................................................................154
6.4 Ontslag van de pasgeborene................................................................................................155
6.5 De premature pasgeborene..................................................................................................155
6.5.1 Uiterlijke kenmerken.....................................................................................................155
6.5.2 Verpleegkundige zorg....................................................................................................156
6.6 De dysmature pasgeboren....................................................................................................159
6.6.1 Uiterlijke kenmerken.....................................................................................................159
6.6.2 Verpleegkundige zorg....................................................................................................159
Pathologie onderwerpen....................................................................................................................159
Abortus...........................................................................................................................................159
VGK Hoofdstuk 3.1.2 Afwijkende ontwikkeling..........................................................................159
Dysmatuur......................................................................................................................................161
Kinderverpleegkunde Hoofdstuk 6.6 De dysmature pasgeborene.............................................161
Placenta Previa...............................................................................................................................161
VGK Hoofdstuk 1.2.3 Placenta, navelstreng, vliezen, vruchtwater en foetale circulatie.............161
Gebroken vliezen............................................................................................................................162
Kinderverpleegkundige Hoofdstuk 6.5 De premature pasgeborene..............................................163
Premature pasgeborene.............................................................................................................163
VGK Hoofdstuk 3.1.6 Moederlijke factoren....................................................................................163
Hypertensie, HELLP-syndroom en pre-eclampsie.......................................................................163
Onderliggende ziektes moeder.......................................................................................................165
VGK 3.1.6 moederlijke factoren..................................................................................................165
Serotien..........................................................................................................................................166
Kinderverpleegkunde 6.7 De serotiene pasgeborene.................................................................166
Niet vorderende uitdrijving (kunstverlossing)................................................................................167
VGK hoofdstuk 3.2.9 Inleiden (inductie) van de baring...............................................................167
Fluxus postpartum..........................................................................................................................168
3.2.8 Beloop van baring..............................................................................................................168
Vastzittende placenta.....................................................................................................................168
, 3.2.8 Beloop van de baring.........................................................................................................168
Hyperglykemie/zwangerschapsdiabetes........................................................................................168
https://www.ysl.nl/afdelingen-en-specialismen/diabetes-polikliniek/veel-gestelde-vragen/
zwangerschapsdiabetes/............................................................................................................168
Icterus.............................................................................................................................................169
VGK 1.4.2 Eerste levensweek......................................................................................................169
Kinderverpleegkunde H6.3.3 Fototherapie.................................................................................169
Hypothereoïdie...............................................................................................................................170
Kinderverpleegkunde 8.8.2 Hypothyreoïdie...............................................................................170
Hypothermie...................................................................................................................................171
Kinderverpleegkunde 6.2.1 De verpleegkundige handelingen bij opname................................171
Kinderverpleegkunde 7.3.5 Hypothermie...................................................................................171
Postnatale depressie......................................................................................................................171
VGK 3.3.7 Depressie...................................................................................................................171
Mastitis...........................................................................................................................................172
VGK Hoofdstuk 3.3.2 stoornissen in de lactatie..........................................................................172
Slecht ruikende lochia....................................................................................................................173
VGK 2.5.1 Ontzwangering...........................................................................................................173
VGK 3.3.3 overige infecties endometritis....................................................................................173
geboortetrauma.............................................................................................................................174
VGK 4.2.2 Complicaties...............................................................................................................174
Caput succedaneum.......................................................................................................................175
Stoornissen van de respiratie kinderverpleegkunde H8.4..............................................................175
Benauwdheid..................................................................................................................................175
Bronchiolitis....................................................................................................................................177
Pneumonie.....................................................................................................................................177
Astma.............................................................................................................................................178
Peuterdiarree.................................................................................................................................178
Kinderverpleegkunde 1.3 Peuter................................................................................................178
Gastro-enteritis..............................................................................................................................179
https://www.lumc.nl/patientenzorg/praktisch/patientenfolders/buikgriep..............................179
Meningitis.......................................................................................................................................180
Kinderverpleegkunde H8.6.4 Meningitis.....................................................................................180
Pijn..................................................................................................................................................181
Kinderverpleegkunde 4.6 pijn.....................................................................................................181
4.6.1 Wat is pijn..........................................................................................................................181
, 4.6.2 Soorten pijn.......................................................................................................................181
4.6.3 pijn in de rol van ouders....................................................................................................182
4.6.4 pijn en kinderverpleegkundige..........................................................................................182
4.6.5 Factoren bij de beleving van pijn.......................................................................................182
4.6.6 Pijnherkenning en pijnmeting............................................................................................183
4.6.7 Behandeling van pijn..........................................................................................................184
Appendicitis....................................................................................................................................186
https://www.antoniusziekenhuis.nl/acute-blindedarmontsteking-bij-kinderen........................186
(koorts)convulsie............................................................................................................................187
Kinderverpleegkunde H 8.6.2 (koorts)convulsie.........................................................................187
Epilepsie.........................................................................................................................................188
Kinderverpleegkunde H8.6.3 Epilepsie.......................................................................................188
WGBO (Wet op de Geneeskundige Behandelovereenkomst)........................................................189
https://www.patientenfederatie.nl/over-de-zorg/patientenrechten?
gclid=CjwKCAjwjbCDBhAwEiwAiudBy0hRZf8sB_IyKnx-
tVMkLMwmOntp8ZRJsezOnpXQSMNNbaUYQerMcxoCuUoQAvD_BwE....................................189
https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0005290/2020-07-01/#Boek7_Titeldeel7_Afdeling5...........189
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