This document provides a brief introduction to the basic concepts of C++, a popular programming language used for a wide range of applications, including operating systems, video games, and high-performance scientific computing.
The document covers the following topics:
Data Types and Variabl...
Welcome to this tutorial on C++ basics! In this tutorial, we will cover the basics of C++
programming, including how to write your first program, types and variables, arrays, strings,
control statements (if/else, for loop, while loop), and functions.
Let's start with an introduction to C++ programming. C++ is a popular programming
language introduced by John Strawstrom in 1979. It was initially called "C with Classes" as it
was an extension to the C language, but later renamed as C++. It is a general-purpose,
case-sensitive language that is precompiled, meaning it converts the source code directly to
machine-understandable code. It is an intermediate-level language as it contains both
features of high-level and low-level languages. C++ supports the features of object-oriented
programming, procedural programming, and functional programming as well.
Now, let's move on to our first program in C++, which is the "Hello World" program. In this
program, "Hello World" is printed. It is a very basic program, and we are using the header file
"iostream" to import the necessary features. The main function is used to execute the
program, and we are printing "Hello World" using the "cout" function.
Next, we will cover types and variables in C++. There are different types of data types that
act as a keyword, such as boolean (for true/false values), character (for alphabets and
symbols), integer (for integer values), and float (for decimal values). Variables are used to
store values, and the syntax to define a variable is to mention the data type and the variable
name.
Arrays are a collection of similar elements stored in contiguous memory locations. They
make it possible to store multiple values of the same data type into a single variable. The
syntax to declare an array is to mention the data type, the array name, and the number of
elements inside the brackets.
Strings are a collection of characters and are used to represent text in the program. There
are two ways to create a string: C-style strings and string objects. C-style strings are stored
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