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klinische psychologie samenvatting
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Goede, uitgebreide samenvatting voor het vak klinische psychologie. Met deze samenvatting was ik er van de 1e keer door voor het vak.
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INHOUDSOPGAVE1. inleiding in KLP........................................................................................................................................ 5
2. inleiding in de klinische psychologie ........................................................................................................ 7
2.1. definiëring................................................................................................................................................ 7
2.1.1. de term klinisch ............................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.2. definitie ........................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2. Normaal versus abnormaal (belangrijk examen!) ................................................................................... 8
2.2.1. onderscheid: wat is afwijkend? ....................................................................................................... 8
2.2.2. definitie ........................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.3. modellen .......................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3. Populatie................................................................................................................................................ 10
2.3.1. epidemiologisch onderzoek........................................................................................................... 10
2.3.2. prevalentie van psychische stoornissen ........................................................................................ 10
2.4. taken ...................................................................................................................................................... 11
3. inleiding psychopathologie ................................................................................................................... 12
3.1. omschrijving en situering....................................................................................................................... 12
3.2. normaliteit versus pathologie ................................................................................................................ 12
3.3. begrippen............................................................................................................................................... 12
4. classificatie ........................................................................................................................................... 14
4.1. betekenis van classificaties .................................................................................................................... 14
4.2. DSM & ICD ............................................................................................................................................. 14
5. kenmerken DSM ................................................................................................................................... 15
5.1. DSM-5 categorieën psychosche stoornissen .......................................................................................... 15
5.2. belangrijke veranderingen in DSM-5 ..................................................................................................... 15
5.3. DSM-5 blijft bron van controverse ......................................................................................................... 16
5.4. opbouw DSM-5 ...................................................................................................................................... 16
6. diagnostiek (beoordelingsmethoden) .................................................................................................... 20
6.1. klinisch interview ................................................................................................................................... 20
6.2. psychologische tests .............................................................................................................................. 20
6.3. neuropsychologisch onderzoek .............................................................................................................. 20
6.4. gedragsbeoordeling............................................................................................................................... 20
6.5. fysiologische beoordeling en beeldvorming .......................................................................................... 21
7. classificatie van symptomen (zelfstudie) ............................................................................................... 22
7.1. expressie & motoriek ............................................................................................................................. 22
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, 7.2. bewustzijn.............................................................................................................................................. 22
7.3. zelfbeleving ............................................................................................................................................ 22
7.4. waarneming .......................................................................................................................................... 22
7.5. denken en geheugen ............................................................................................................................. 22
7.6. gevoelen en verlangen........................................................................................................................... 22
1. het biologisch perspectief ..................................................................................................................... 23
1.1. biologisch perspectief en psychofarmacotherapie ................................................................................ 23
1.1.1. biologische perspectief .................................................................................................................. 23
1.1.2. CT SCAN ......................................................................................................................................... 24
1.1.3. fmri (functional magnetic ???) ...................................................................................................... 24
1.1.4. microscopisch ................................................................................................................................ 25
1.1.5. het neuron ..................................................................................................................................... 25
1.1.6. psychofarmacologie ...................................................................................................................... 25
1.1.7. farmacologie .................................................................................................................................. 27
2. het psychologisch perspectief ............................................................................................................... 30
2.1. psychoanalytische theorie en psychoanalyse/psychodynamische therapie .......................................... 30
2.1.1. theorie ........................................................................................................................................... 30
2.1.2. behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 33
2.2. leertheorie en gedragstherapie ............................................................................................................. 38
2.2.1. theorie ........................................................................................................................................... 38
2.2.2. behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 43
2.3. cognitieve theorie en therapie ............................................................................................................... 48
2.3.1. theorie ........................................................................................................................................... 48
2.3.2. therapie ......................................................................................................................................... 52
2.4. ervaringsgerichte theorie en therapie ................................................................................................... 55
2.4.1. theorie ........................................................................................................................................... 55
2.4.2. behandeling/therapie .................................................................................................................... 58
2.5. systeemtheorie en gezins- en relatietherpie .......................................................................................... 62
2.5.1. theorie ........................................................................................................................................... 62
2.5.2. behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 69
3. het sociaal culturele perspectief ............................................................................................................ 73
4. het biopsychosociale perspectief .......................................................................................................... 74
1. dSM invalsoek (stoornisspecifiek) ......................................................................................................... 76
1.1. gedragsproblemen en -verslaving ......................................................................................................... 76
1.1.1. gedragsproblemen- en stoornissen ............................................................................................... 76
1.1.2. gedragsverslaving .......................................................................................................................... 80
1.2. stemmingsstoornissen (aansluitend rouw) ............................................................................................ 88
1.2.1. definitie ......................................................................................................................................... 88
1.2.2. depressieve stemmingsstoornis .................................................................................................... 89
1.2.3. bipolaire stemmingsstoornis ......................................................................................................... 94
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, 1.2.4. suicidaliteit .................................................................................................................................... 95
1.2.5. theorie en diagnostiek ................................................................................................................... 96
1.2.6. rouwbegeleiding en -therapie ..................................................................................................... 101
1.3. psychotrauma ...................................................................................................................................... 105
1.3.1. etiologie ....................................................................................................................................... 106
1.3.2. diagnostiek PTSS .......................................................................................................................... 107
1.3.3. behandeling ................................................................................................................................. 109
1.4. angststoornissen.................................................................................................................................. 111
1.4.1. angst ............................................................................................................................................ 111
1.4.2. evolutie ........................................................................................................................................ 112
1.4.3. angststoornissen.......................................................................................................................... 112
1.4.4. gegeneraliseerde angststoornis .................................................................................................. 116
1.5. somatoforme stoornissen (als je geest met je lichaam speelt ............................................................. 120
1.5.1. functioneel neurologische symptoomstoornis (conversie) ......................................................... 121
1.5.2. somatische symptoom stoornis................................................................................................... 122
1.5.3. nagebootste stoornis – al dan niet opgedrongen........................................................................ 123
1.5.4. ziekteangst stoornis – hypochondrie........................................................................................... 123
1.6. psychotische stoornissen (psychose) ................................................................................................... 126
1.6.1. fenomenologie (wat) ................................................................................................................... 126
1.6.2. dsm-5 (diagnostiek) ..................................................................................................................... 127
1.6.3. etiologie (ontstaan) ..................................................................................................................... 129
1.6.4. prevalentie (hoeveel) .................................................................................................................. 129
1.6.5. behandeling ................................................................................................................................. 130
2. transdiagnostisch perspectief.............................................................................................................. 131
2.1. inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 131
2.1.1. ontwikkelingen in de psychiatrische classificatie ........................................................................ 131
2.1.2. transdiagnostische factoren in diagnostiek en behandeling ....................................................... 131
2.1.3. het dimensioneel classificatiemodel van brown en barlow ........................................................ 132
2.1.4. reasearch domain criteria............................................................................................................ 132
2.1.5. hersencircuits .............................................................................................................................. 132
2.2. executieve functies .............................................................................................................................. 132
2.2.1. definitie ....................................................................................................................................... 133
2.2.2. verschillende executieve functies................................................................................................ 133
2.2.3. de relatie tussen executieve disfuncties en psychopathologie ................................................... 137
2.2.4. de assessment van executieve functies....................................................................................... 138
2.2.5. etiologische factoren voor executieve disfuncties ...................................................................... 140
2.2.6. behandelstrategieën ................................................................................................................... 141
2.3. emotieregulatie ................................................................................................................................... 143
2.3.1. emoties ........................................................................................................................................ 143
2.3.2. emotieregulatie ........................................................................................................................... 144
2.3.3. emotieregulatie als transdiagnostische factor ............................................................................ 145
2.3.4. kernfactoren voor een goede emotieregulatie ........................................................................... 148
2.3.5. diagnostiek .................................................................................................................................. 149
2.3.6. behandeling ................................................................................................................................. 149
2.4. repetitief negatief denken ................................................................................................................... 152
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, 2.4.1. definiëring ................................................................................................................................... 152
2.4.2. repetitieF negatief denken als TD proces .................................................................................... 153
2.4.3. de rol van cognitieve controle over negatieve controle .............................................................. 155
2.4.4. rumineren en gecompliceerde rouw ........................................................................................... 156
2.4.5. assessment .................................................................................................................................. 157
2.4.6. behandelstrategieën bij RND....................................................................................................... 157
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