Summary
Samenvatting Gastles 3 opvoedingsadviesen
- Course
- Institution
Gastles 3 opvoedingsadviesen
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
hyndicleymans
Reviews received
Content preview
PEDAGOGIEK EN GEZINSONDERSTEUNINGGASTCOLLEGE 3: 275 JAREN ADVIEZEN VOOR OUDERS
GEZINSPEDAGOGIEK
“Il n y a pas une manière d’être et de vivre qui soit la meilleure pour tous, l’exclusion de tout autre, et par
conséquent il n’est pas possible de classer hiérarchiquement les familles suivant qu’elles s’éloignent ou se
rapprochent d’un idéal unique… La famille d’ajourd’hui n’est ni plus ni moins parfaite que celle de jadis : elle
est autre parce que toutes les circonstances sont autres. Elle est plus complexe, parce que les milieux où elle vit
sont plus complexes; voila tout.
OVERZICHT (IS SLECHTS ÉÉN MOGELIJKE LEZING)
- 18de Eeuw eerste boeken voor breed publiek
- 19de eeuw: eerste boeken door moeders
Romantische verheerlijking van de moeder
- Begin 20ste eeuw: de wetenschap neemt over
Ratio in plaats van gevoel
- WO1-WO2: Eugenetica
Toppunt van rationalisme
- Na WO2: Opvoeden is liefde en fun
Mentale hygiëne
Ontwikkelingsstimulering
- Na de crisis(sen): Trust yourself
Neoliberalisme
Parenting determinism
Mild ouderschap en het ik-tijdperk
DREAM BABIES (= ZE SCHRIJVEN OVER DAT ER TE VEEL GESCHREVEN WORDT OVER
WAT GOED IS VOOR BABY’S)
Too much is written for the new mother. Most of the literature is aimed at giving her advice. Very little of it
offers support for her own individual reactions and intuitions. Baby books tell her how to become the perfect
mother. Eminent authorities intellectualize the process of becoming a mother… She finds that many of her
instinctual reactions are frowned upon by one authority or another. The literature that was designed to
support her becomes an undermining influence.
Telling mothers and fathers how to bring up their children in books is arguably as silly as sending false teeth
through the post and hoping that they will fit.
,I have always harbored the view that child rearing is a human activity fraught with so many emotional and
social dilemmas, so many projective possibilities, and such grave physical consequences and strokes of fate (in
many parts of the world, the infant mortality rate is still extremely high) that its practices and our beliefs about
it are particularly liable not only to cultural shaping but also reshaping
1.1. HET BEGIN
18DE EEUW: EERSTE BOEKEN VOOR BREED PUBLIEK
- Medische revoluties
- Vooral boeken door en voor medici
- Enkel mannen
“It is with great pleasure I see at last the preservation of children become the care of men of sense. In my
opinion, this business has been too long fatally left to the management of women, who cannot be supposed to
have a proper knowledge to fit them for the task, notwithstanding they look upon it to be their own province.
19DE EEUW: EERSTE BOEKEN VOOR BREED PUBLIEK (EN NIET MEER ENKEL VOOR DOKTERS
EN FILOSOFEN)
- Eerste boeken geschreven door moeders.
- Erkenning van het belang van de eigen ervaring
- De eeuw van de verheerlijking van de moeder
Adaptation to the wants, feelings and nature of the infant – so different in many ways from those of the adult –
ought to be made the leading principle of our management… accordingly the child ought as fast as possible be
allowed the choice of its own occupations and amusements and to become the chief agent in the development
and formation of its own character. In later life, the independent child will show far more promptitude and
energy than the ‘puppet’ dominated by parents and trained in moral slavery. Principles of Physiology applied to
the preservation of health and the improvement of physical and mental education. Edinburgh, Black.
Is er voor een schilderkundig oog, is er voor een welgeplaatst hart, iets fraaijer, iets van meer belang, dan het
aandoenlyk gezicht, eener jonge, gezonde, blymoedige Vrouw, (wier enig tooi een zindelijk huisgewaad is)
Moeder van eenige aanvallige Kinderen, die zy met tedere zachtmoedigheid, met altoos waakende
oplettendheid beschouwt, bezorgt, leert en vermaant?
1.2. SCIENTIFIC MOTHERHOOD
EINDE 19DE EN BEGIN 20STE EEUW
- De wetenschap neemt het over, einde van de romantiek
- Eugenetica
- Moeders worden gewantrouwd (en dus ook borstvoeding, zie later)
Instinct is not the surest guide to motherliness. Ellen Key recommended a year’s social service for girls, a
parallel to men’s military service, so that they would be equipped by such training in parenthood to face
motherhood. The confident early 19th century years, when mothers had enjoyed the responsibility of
motherhood were past.(…) The hallmark of motherhood was now anxiety – an anxiety produced in large part
,by the systematic demoralization of mothers concerning the quality, or even the existence, of their maternal
instinct in face of the united front presented by the state, by doctors and by manual writers, on their
inadequacies.
RATIO IN PLAATS VAN EMOTIE
- Sommige auteurs (vb Marion Harland) stellen dat getrainde verpleegsters of opvoedsters (nurses)
beter geplaatst zijn om goede opvoeding te bieden en gewoonten te installeren (regelmaat in voeding,
slaap en hygiëne: de 3R) precies omdàt ze emotioneel minder betrokken zijn bij het kind.
1.3. EUGENETICA
VOORAL TUSSEN BEIDE WERELDOORLOGEN
- Een sterk ras voor een sterke natie.
- Ons volk gaat betere tijden tegemoet. Zijn grootste rijkdom was steeds de rijkdom aan kinderen.
Wordt het nu aan ons volk gegeven, zijn reserven van eigene innerlijke volkskracht, lichamelijk en
geestelijk, volledig te ontwikkelen, dan wordt het weer sterk en groot.
VOORAL TUSSEN BEIDE WERELDOORLOGEN
- Een sterk ras voor een sterke natie.
- The Race marches forward on the the feet of Litthe Children
BEHAVIOURISME
John B. Watson (1978-1958)
A happy child is one who never cries unless actually struck by a pin, who loses himself in work and play, who
quickly learn to overcome the small difficulties in his environment without running to mother, father nurse of
other adult, who soon builds up a wealth of habits that tides him over dark and rainy days, who puts on such
habits of politeness and neatness and cleanliness that adults are willing to be around him at least part of the
day; a child who is willing to be around adults without fighting incessantly for notice, who eats what is placed
before him and asks no questions for conscience sake, who sleeps and rests when put to bed for sleep and rest.
It is a serious question in my mind whether there should be individual homes for children – or even whether
children should know their own parents at all. There are undoubtedly much more scientific ways of bringing up
children, which will probably mean finer and happier children. I suppose parents want their children to be
happy, efficient, and welladjusted to life.
Het wantrouwen biedt voedsel voor de ontwikkeling van de consultatiebureau’s als veralgemeend toezicht.
WANTROUWEN OOK (EN STEEDS MEER) OVER DE PSYCHOLOGISCHE ONTWIKKELING
, Parents are asking why their child has temper tantrums, why they must be coaxed to eat, why they are jealous,
why they are afraid, why they have not learnt physical control. They want to know what is normal behaviour
and what are the signs that indicate that their children need the help of a specialist in mental health. Everyday
problems of the everyday child. New York: Appleton
2. MIJLPALEN
2.1. NA WO2: OPVOEDEN IS LOVE & FUN
DOEL VAN DE OPVOEDING IS: GELUK
The declared aim of the experts in the 1920s and 1930s had been to produce well-behaved, polite children,
with regular habits, who could easily be disciplined to fit into the assembly-line culture of the new metropolis.
Tiring of the excesses of the Child Study Movement, they had asserted that this was an adult world and that
children ought to take a back seat until they were old enough to be independent.
The post Second World war mood was very different. Recogition of the extreme harm that bad early
experience could do to the adult personality was generally accepted through the socially diluted Freudianism of
Erik Erikson.
DOEL VAN DE OPVOEDING IS: VERTROUWEN OPBOUWEN EN FRUSTRATIE VERMIJDEN
The prevention pf psychological pathology had replaced earlier worry over physical disease. Children were to
be allowed to exercise to the full their urges to mouth objects and to mess their food at the table (p 231)
Mother love in infancy is as important for mental health as are proteins and vitamins for physical health
Het bieden van constante aandacht, dag en nacht, zeven dagen per week en 365 dagen per jaar, is alleen
mogelijk voor een vrouw die grote voldoening haalt uit het zien opgroeien van haar kind vanaf de babytijd,
door de vele fasen van de kindertijd, om zo een autonome man of vrouw te worden, en die weet dat het haar
zorg is die dit mogelijk heeft gemaakt
2.2. JAREN 1980: TOCH NIET ZO VEEL FUN
De heropleving van de ontwikkelingsstimulering
De Olympische Spelen van de Ontwikkeling
Vagueness replaced precision. Walking was achieved ‘between ten and twenty months” rather than ‘at
fourteen months’ (…) The rejection of eugenics and patriotic orderliness left a gap in the family’s concept of
itself not entirely filled by the feeling that everyone should just have a good time
Trunked Piaget-influenced manuals gave a detailed month-by-month breakdown of the infants’ development –
particularly his cognitive development. The concern with mental potential as a reflection of the rewards which
an industrialized society holds for the technically trained adult.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller hyndicleymans. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.75. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
50064 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now