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This mind map covers all the theories in the module, and makes links between different areas of the course
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Contents:Types of signalling and motivations: pg 2-4
● Definitions of signalling: pg 2
● Honest and Deceptive signalling: pg 3
● Communicating group alliance: pg 4
Conspecific communication: pg 4-6
Interspecific communication: pg 7-8
Communicative complexity: pg 9-14
● Fitness benefits of complex communication: 9-10
● The evolution of complex communication through social complexity: 10-12
● Vocal production learning: 12-13
● Demonstrating song learning: 13-14
Cognition
● The social Brain hypothesis: pg 15-18
● Cognition definitions: pg 18-20
1
,● Recognition of the self: pg 20-23
● Cognition with a mini brain: pg 23-25
2
,Animal
Communicat
ion and
cognition
papers
Topic Paper title Key findings Results Reference
What is Principles of (Book not accessible but does contain a list of Bradbury & Vehrencamp
animal Animal referenced reports – could be useful) (1998)
communicati Communication
on?
Communication When an animal gives a meaningful signal
definition: with the intent on passing information to the
receiver
Economic Bradbury, JW (Bradbury,
models of JW) ; Vehrencamp, SL
animal (Vehrencamp, SL)
communication (2000)
Animal signals Defines signals with a four part definition: Types of information conveyed:
(magazine (1) acts or structures produced by signalers, which Internal environment – signaler’s attributes Species,
article extra (2) evolved for the purpose of conveying information sex, age, group membership, kinship, individual
to recipients, such that (3) the information elicits a identity Location (e.g., direction or distance from
reading)
response in recipients, and (4) the response results recipient) Condition or quality (e.g., weight, body size,
in fitness consequences that, on average, are age, health, mating receptivity) Fighting ability,
positive for both the signaler and the recipient. strength, resource holding potential, or dominance
status Motivational or affective state, emotions (e.g.,
fear or hunger), subjective resource valuation,
willingness to escalate a contest, aggressive
intentions, probable future actions (e.g., attack)
External environment – features of the outer world
Referential designation of objects or events (e.g.,
predator presence or type, danger level, or quantity or
quality of food sources), either immediately present or
remote in space or time
3
, Evolution of Evolution of Furthermore, punishing greedy responses promotes Catteeuw, D; Han, TA
honest and Honest honest signalling if conflicts of interest are high and signals and Manderick, B. 2014
deceptive Signalling by are costly. Our results show that punishing those that lie
can significantly boost honest signalling when conflicts are
signalling Social moderate and signals are cheap or cost-free
Punishment
Are aposematic Summers, K., Speed, M.P.,
signals honest? Blount, J.D. and Stuckert,
A.M.M. (2015), J. Evol. Biol.,
– a review
28: 1583-1599.
'Communicatio Stable signals must confer fitness benefits to P. Carazo, E. Font
n breakdown': both senders and receivers (2014) Animal Behaviour
the evolution of -deception by signal parasitism evolves
signal between senders and receivers that share no
unreliability and common interests
deception
Honest Female red -suggests that females have the ability to -hinds take significantly more steps towards Charlton Benjamin D,
signalling deer prefer the attend to the finer acoustic structure of male speaker playing vocalisation of larger stag. Reby David and
roars of larger roars -First evidence of a non-human female acoustic McComb Karen (2007)
males -Formants are frequency peaks in the acoustic cue of body size for mate choice in the wild Biol. Lett.3382–385
structure of vocalisations
Red deer stags Stags change their roars used to assess males In response to stimuli where lower formants Reby et al 2005 Proc. R.
use formants accordingly to identified vocal formants indicated callers with longer vocal tracts, stags Soc. B 272: 941–947
as assessment were more attentive, replied with more roars and
cues during extended their vocal tracts further in these
intrasexual replies.
agonistic
interactions
The handicap -An example of honest conspecific signalling - The second theory and more overarching theory Maynard Smith J.
principle - Any the signaller could only give the signal if it had of honest signal selection - males adjust their 1991Theories of sexual
sexually high fitness - also includes any mating calls or investment into the expression of sexual signals selection. Trends Ecol. Evol.
6, 146–151.
selected courtship displays where the signaller is using according to their condition and ability to bear
behaviour or energy that could be invested in acquiring the costs (and risks to their survival
adaptation that resources.
4
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