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Summary Managing People IBA Year 3 RSM
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Notes of workshops and summary of the pre-recorded lectures.
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Week 1Video 1: Dies Natalis 2020 - Honorary doctorate prof. dr. Jane Dutton
Where should be place our biggest bets for the future?
1. Understand human flourishing as a definable, measurable and achievable state
A state of flourishing increases peoples cognitive, emotional and physiological and
behavioral resources. So we must bet big on the fact that it is possible for all of us to
have moments of flourishing and become the architects of our own flourishing and
the flourishing of others. Likewise if we do not regard it as likely that groups,
organizations and social systems can manifest states of flourishing that fuel their
collective capabilities, we undermine our ability to create the future that we want to
live in.
Organizations and institutions where flourishing is implemented lead to enhanced
resilience, innovativeness, collective integrity, safety and financial and relational
wealth.
2. learn to design, lead, and live in institutions that aim for and support higher quality
connections between people.
You may not realize that being in a state of mutual responsiveness felt vitality and
positive regard with another person for under a minute can reshape the entire
trajectory of your interaction.
Higher quality connections between people are the micro bits of relationships when
we experience more of them as we engage in our studies, our work, our family life,
or our community engagements, we also experience greater resilience, broadened
thinking, higher creativity, more energy, greater commitment, better mental and
physical health and less negativity. We need to bet big on the power of connections
as absolutely core to human flourishing. A focus on institutional flourishing also
necessitates looking to conditions that enable high quality connections between
people. It's crucial that we learn to think like designers of flourishing and one key to
great design for human flourishing is to look for the routines, those well-grooved,
recurrent ways of doing work or accomplishing tasks in a group and reimagine those
routines in ways that allow people to connect to each other in high higher quality
ways.
Example:
The university of Edinburgh has adopted an approach to orienting all new students,
that immediately connects them to others at the university with an emphasis on
empathy and compassion as bedrock values that are necessary for successful
membership. This change in the university works in conjunction with Scotland
adopting a national framework that emphasizes dignity, compassion and kindness as
essential to a well-functioning society.
So we can ask ourselves when students first arrive at Erasmus how quickly and
effectively do the welcoming orienting and onboarding routines put them into higher
quality connections with their peers, with older students who can serve as guides
and with faculty and staff who can become mentors. It is not only onboarding and
welcoming where these questions are powerful. How are students, faculty staff, and
,administrators reviewed or evaluated, celebrated, honored and transitioned into life
beyond the university, in ways that aim for and support higher quality connections.
Think of it this way every interaction offers the possibility to leave people better off.
Are you maximizing those possibilities, are universities maximizing those
possibilities?
3. Use every means possible to endow people and activities with significance, value
and worth
Human beings are meaning making, meaning seeking creatures. How we interpret
who we are, who others are and what we are doing together has potent
consequences for flourishing.
Positive organizational scholarship and other approaches to flourishing have given
us 3 ways to think about endowing ourselves, endowing others and actions with the
significance and worth that supports flourishing.
1. First as part of this big bet on positive meaning, universities should focus on
human strengths. When we help people understand value and use their
strengths and when we insist that we do this for ourselves as well, we know
from research that we and others will feel more competent, experience more
satisfaction in our effort, become more engaged in what we're doing and
perform more effectively.
2. The second aspect of this big bet on positive meaning calls us to illuminate
the impacts that people and their work have on others around them. Many
studies have validated the essential idea that the more people can interpret
their work as having positive impact or making a contribution to others, the
more they can summon energy to persistent tasks and engage in higher
overall levels of performance. How many of you listening right now can tell a
story of your work and how it makes a positive contribution to someone else?
How might you design your units to provide more feedback that emphasizes
contributions and thereby supports flourishing.
3. The third aspect of this big bet on positive meaning is an emphasis on
organizational purpose, that helps members interpret their organization as an
entity of significance, of value and of worth. This kind of meaning in our
organizations leads to higher levels of commitment and attachment, more
working on behalf of the institution and lower levels of turnover.
4. Value, express and share positive emotions as essential to every activity.
Emotions are often derided as is inessential to work or to learning. It's some of the
most robust research in areas as vast as genetics, psychology and medicine
demonstrate that a steady diet of positive feelings is one of the most potent sources
of health well-being and longevity available to us. When we work, lead and live in
ways that produce more gratitude, just to name one positive emotion, we also
experience healthier heart rhythms, better sleep, lower stress, less anxiety, more
generosity and greater compassion.
The bet on positive emotions is one of the most difficult to realize in practice, not
because it's hard to tap into positive emotions but because positive emotions are
,stigmatized and undervalued in many organizations. Taking joy in the work we do is
rarely lauded as an important and explicit organizational goal.
The consistent positive emotions unlock resourcefulness in the collective that
enables better learning, more curiosity and exploration more courageous
experimentation and significant leaps in growth that enable students to see
themselves as change agents and to do the work of creating flourishing in their
worlds.
Flourishing triangle
The 4 bets together form the flourishing triangle: the simultaneous and reinforcing
optimal functioning of people and institutions, as at the center of the triangle, high
quality connections, positive meaning and positive emotions, which are connected
and interact with each other, are the three major contributors and supporters of this
state of optimal functioning.
Example: hospital cleaners
The cleaners were crafting their jobs to include participation in the care for hospital
patients and their families. Without explicit mention in their job descriptions these
cleaners altered their roles to provide comfort by talking to patients and families, to
ease patients anxieties by delivering extra blankets and they altered their roles to
reduce visitors uncertainty by giving directions when people were lost. As the
cleaners explained the reasons that they did these things, they described how these
actions made them see the positive impacts of their work on others. They felt love
and gratitude as they did these things, they connected with others in ways that
energized and sustained them through the less desirable and much more exhausting
parts of their work. The cleaners taught us how they could become the agents of
their own flourishing.
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Video 2: What is Positive Psychology?
What is positive psychology?
Positive psychology is the scientific study of what makes life most worth living. The
goal of positive psychology is to make normal life more fulfilling, it asks the question
what is right with you?
Positive psychology is concerned with increasing well-being. Is well-being the same
thing as happiness? Not exactly.
Well-being
Well-being is made up of 5 pillars:
- Positive emotion
- Engagement
- Relationships
- Meaning
- Accomplishment
, Flow
Flow is a state of absorption in ones work and is characterized by intense
concentration, loss of self-awareness, a feeling of being perfectly challenged, neither
bored nor overwhelmed and a sense that time is flying. Flow is an intrinsically
rewarding experience. It can also help achieve a goal, or improve skills and is highly
related to creative insights.
Mindfulness
Mindfulness is intentionally focused awareness, ones immediate experience. The
experience is one of moment by moment attention to thoughts, emotions, physical
sensations and surroundings. To practice mindfulness is to become grounded in the
present moment. Benefits include reduction of stress, anxiety, depression and
chronic pain.
Learned optimism & helplessness
Learned optimism is the idea that a talent for joy can be cultivated (joy, possibility,
creativity, happiness). That said, it's important to note the research tells us that the
path to fulfilment requires considerable hard work. There are no shortcuts to
sustained happiness and well-being.
It is contrasted with learned helplessness, which is when one believes that he or she
has no control over what occurs and that external forces such as genetics or social
class ultimately dictate his or her ability to accomplish a task or succeed. Evidence
suggests that well-being is not simply the result of a fortunate spin of the genetic
roulette wheel. There are things that people can actively do to lead more fulfilling
lives.
Good work
Good work is work that is excellent in quality, socially responsible, and meaningful to
its practitioners. It also seeks to determine how best to increase the incidents have
good work in our society the good work project argues that society as a whole would
be better off to encourage individuals to pursue excellence for its own sake, to
gravitate toward project with a regularly achieve a sense of flow and to find positions
that will help them achieve higher levels of fulfilment.
Is positive psychology and easy answer to all of society's problems?
No let's not be naive. But we must ask ourselves if we applied the tenets of positive
psychology to education, business and government. If we encouraged individuals
and communities to build on their strengths. If we focused attention on the pillars of
well-being. If we channelled more energy into what makes life worth living, what
might be possible?
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