Funeral Service Sciences - National board exam study guide latest updated

Localized accumulation of pus - Answer- Abscess (auxillary; assisting) this term is applied to a lesser structure that resembles a similar organ in structure and function, such as the accessory pancreatic duct - Answer- Accessory A substance that yields hydrogen or hydronium ions in aqueous solution - Answer- Acids Present itself after birth - Answer- Acquired Hyperfunction of pituitary gland after ossification has been completed - Answer- Acromegaly A disease with a more or less rapid onset and short duration - Answer- Acute A wax-like material produced by saponification of body fat in the body buried in alkaline soil - Answer- Adipocere (Gravewax) A protein found in blood plasma - Answer- Albumin An organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups - Answer- Alcohols An organic compound containing one or more -CHO groups - Answer- Aldehyde The digestive system tube from the mouth to the anus, including the mouth or Buccal cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines - Answer- Alimentary Canal Having a hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause a reaction - Answer- Allergies An acquired, abnormal immune response to a substance (allergen) that does not normally cause a reaction - Answer- Allergy (hypersensitivity) Congenital absence of one or more limbs - Answer- Amelia An organic compound containing nitrogen; any compounds formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals. The general formula for primary amines is R-NH2 - Answer- Amines The building block of proteins; a compound containing an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl (-COOH) group attached alpha carbon and a radical - Answer- Amino Acid Any compound that can act as both an acid and base in a solution. (amino acid). - Answer- Amphoteric Generalized massive edema in subcutaneous tissue - Answer- Anasarca The branch of science dealing with the study of the structure of the body - Answer- Anatomy a decrease in the number erythrocytes, hemoglobin or both - Answer- Anemia A localized dilation of a blood vessel - Answer- Aneurysm The study of vessels - Answer- Angiology Mutual opposition or contrary action. The inhibition of one microorganism by another - Answer- Antagonism Glycoprotein substance developed by the body in response to, and interacting specifically with, an antigen. Also known as immunoglobulin - Answer- Antibody Chemicals used to keep the blood in the liquid state; chemical agents that retard the tendency of the blood to become more viscous by natural post mortem processes and/or prevent other adverse reactions between the blood and the other embalming chemicals - Answer- Anticoagulants A foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies that react specifically with it - Answer- Antigen The prevention or inhibiting of the growth of causative microorganisms - Answer- Antisepsis Before or in front of; refers to the ventral or front side of the body - Answer- Anterior (ventral) Dilution or weaking of virulence of a microorganism, reducing or abolishing pathogenicity - Answer- Attenuation Failure of a tissue or an organ to develop normally - Answer- Aplasia The 126 bones in the bony structure that makes up pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities - Answer- Appendicular Skeleton The concentrated, preservative embalming chemical that will be diluted with water ( or another appropriate vehicle such as alcohol) to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial (vascular) system during vascular (arterial) embalming - Answer- Arterial (vascular) Fluid Disease of the arteries resulting in thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls - Answer- Arteriosclerosis The place of union between two or more bones; a joint - Answer- Articulation Accumulation of free serous fluid in the abdominal cavity - Answer- Ascities A form of arteriosclerosis marked by the deposition of lipids in the inner layer of arterial walls . - Answer- Atherosclerosis The smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of the element - Answer- Atom A wasting, decrease in size of an organ or tissue - Answer- Atrophy Self-digestion or self-destruction of the body by autolytic enzymes - Answer- Autolysis A postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition - Answer- Autopsy Those chemicals specifically designed for use in the preparation of bodies following an autopsy - Answer- Autopsy Chemicals Self-nourishing bacteria - Answer- Autotrophic Bacteria 80 bones including the skull, vertebrae, thorax and hyoid bone - Answer- Axial Skeleton Rod-Shape bacteria - Answer- Bacillus (pl. Bacilli) The presence of bacteria in the blood - Answer- Bacteremia A prokaryotic one-celled microorganism of the Kingdom Monera, existing as free living organisms or as parasites, multiplying by binary fission and having a large range of biochemical properties - Answer- Bacteria A visible group of bacteria growing on a solid medium, presumably arising from a single microorganism - Answer- Bacterial Colony An agent that destroy's bacteria but not necessarily their spores - Answer- Bactericide Science that studies bacteria - Answer- Bacteriology A substance that yields hydroxide ions in aqueous solution - Answer- Bases Refers to the symmetry of paired organs, or to an organism whose right and left halves are similar images of each other, or in which a median section divides the organism into equivalent right and left halves - Answer- Bilateral Symmetry Pertaining to bile - Answer- Biliary The organs and ducts that participate in the secretion, storage, and delivery of bile to the duodenum - Answer- Biliary Tract A method of asexual reproduction involving halving of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell followed by the development of each half into a new individual. - Answer- Binary Fission That branch of chemistry dealing with compounds produced by living organisms - Answer- Biochemistry An arthropod vector in which the disease causing organism multiplies or develops within the arthropod prior to becoming infective for a susceptible individual - Answer- Biological Vector A membranous sac or receptacle for a secretion or excretion - Answer- Bladder The rapid passage of liquid particle to the vapor state by forming bubbles through the action of heat. The term for the point equilibrium between the liquid and gas states of matter and typically employed when the temperature is increasing. - Answer- Boiling Relating to the cheek or mouth - Answer- Buccal Substances that in solution are capable of neutralizing, within limits, both acids and bases and thereby maintaining the original, or constant PH of the solution - Answer- Buffers A general state of ill-health, associated with emaciation - Answer- Cachexia A sheath or continuous enclosure around an organ or structure - Answer- Capsule The membrane that surrounds some bacterial cells; a loose gel-like structure that, in pathogenic bacteria, helps to protect against phagocytosis - Answer- Capsule A compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is aldehyde or ketone derivative of polyhydroxyl alcohol (sugars, starches, and glycogen) - Answer- Carbohydrates several communicating boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with the 38 production and discharge of pus and dead tissue - Answer- Carbuncle The study of the heart - Answer- Cardiology A canal in the petrous portion of the temporal bone that transmits the internal carotid artery and the internal carotid plexus of sympathetic nerves - Answer- Carotid Canal Formation of cavities in an organ or tissue; frequently seen in dome forms of tuberculosis - Answer- Cavitation Concentrated embalming chemicals which are injected into the cavities of the body following aspiration in cavity embalming. These fluids can also be used for surface and hypodermic embalming of the problem areas - Answer- Cavity Fluid Situated at or pertaining to a center or central point - Answer- Central A large group of nonmotile, gram negative intracellular parasites - Answer- Chlamydia A change in which a new substance or substances are produced that have entirely different properties from the original substance because the chemical composition has changed - Answer- Chemical Changes Characteristics that can be observed when a substance is interacting with other substances resulting in a change of chemical composition - Answer- Chemical Properties The branch of natural science that is concerned with the description and classification of matter, with the changes that matter undergoes, and with the energy associated with each of these changes - Answer- Chemistry Funnel shaped openings, especially of the posterior nares; one communication passageways between nasal fossae and the paharynx - Answer- Choanae A disease with a more or less slow onset and long duration - Answer- Chronic Congenitally malformed palate with a fissure along the midline - Answer- Cleft Plate Study of disease by means of body secretions, excretions, and other body fluids performed in the laboratory in the diagnosis of a disease - Answer- Clinical Pathology The process of converting soluble protein to insoluble protein by heating or by contact with a chemical such as alcohol or an aldehyde - Answer- Coagulation The type of bacteria that is spherical or ovoid in form - Answer- Coccus (pl. Cocci) A solution-like system in which the size of the solute particle is between 1 and 100 nanometers. Particles of solute pass through filters but not membranes - Answer- Colloid The part of the intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum - Answer- Colon The rapid oxidation of burning that produces heat and light - Answer- Combustion The symbiotic relationship of two organisms of different species in which one gains some benefit such as protection or nourishment and the other is not harmed or benefited - Answer- Commensalism A disease that may be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another - Answer- Communicable An unfavorable condition arising during the course of disease - Answer- Complication A substance consisting of two or more atoms combined chemically in definite proportions by mass - Answer- Compounds A solution containing a relatively large amount of solute - Answer- Concentrated Solute The ratio of mass or volume of a solute to the mass or volume of the solution or solvent - Answer- Concentrations one of the three nasal conchae; a scroll-like bone - Answer- Concha The immediate and temporary disruption of brain function - Answer- Concussion A change of state of matter from a gas to a liquid - Answer- Condensation a curved protuberance at the end of a bone forming an articulation - Answer- Condyle Existing at the time of birth or shortly thereafter - Answer- Congenital Accumulation of an excess of blood or tissue fluid in a body part - Answer- Congestion The act of introducing disease germs or infectious material into an area or substance - Answer- Contamination A bruise often accompanied with swelling - Answer- Contusion The outer layer of an organ as distinguished from the inner medullas, as in the adrenal gland or kidney - Answer- Cortex