Question 1
(a)
Social censorship refers to the codes of conduct and good manners
imposed
by the community. It censors the speech and movement expected from
the individual for the sake of social harmony. While voluntary or internal
censorship refers to when individuals or instances come to a m...
, Question 1
(a)
Social censorship refers to the codes of conduct and good manners
imposed
by the community. It censors the speech and movement expected from
the individual for the sake of social harmony. While voluntary or internal
censorship refers to when individuals or instances come to a mutual
agreement, without any legal duty being imposed upon them, to
submit themselves voluntarily to certain restrictions on the information
they may distribute. Such forms of voluntary censorship may be found
in the case of the Advertising Standards Authority, where members
commit themselves to the acceptance of a specific set of rules or a
code of conduct.
(b)
Intra-textual, refers to limitations of rights that are constitutionally
justifiable by a section in the Constitution itself.
Extra-textual refers to limitations of rights by “’non-supreme, non-
constitutional’’ legal rules which are also of a general nature and in
accordance with the guidelines laid down by the Constitution in this regard
section 36(1).
(c)
Broadcasting creates a one-way communication where a sender
provides information that is passively received by the recipient,
recipient can not participate, for example print media, radio and
television. Electronic communications in its broad sense however,
includes interactive communication where both sender and recipient
take part in the communication process, for example Zoom, or
cellphone.
(d)
Public broadcasting s any broadcasting service provided by the South
African Broadcasting Corporation, any other statutory body, or by a
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