Summary
Samenvatting 1.4 Overzichtstabel
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Tabellen waarin overzichtelijk de verschillende neurotransmitters, hersendelen, hormonen en drugs worden behandeld
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NEUROTRANSMITTERSHOOFDGROEP Neurotransmitter KENMERKEN WERKING
AMINO ACID Glutamate Uit proteïnen in voedsel Meest voorkomende stimulerende in CNS
Aspartate Uit proteïnen in voedsel
Glycine
GABA (gamma- Ontstaat door aanpassing van structuur Meest voorkomende remmende neurotransmitter
aminobutyric acid) glutamate Maar ook stimulerende werking in sommige
synapsen.
MONO AMINE - Dopamine Gevormd uit aminozuur tyrosine Remmend
CATECHOLAMINE
Epinephrine Gevormd uit aminozuur tyrosine In perifeer zenuwstelsel
(adrenaline)
Norepinephrine Gevormd uit aminozuur tyrosine In centraal zenuwstelsel, meestal stimulerend
(noradrenaline)
MONOAMINE - Serotonin (5-HT) Gevormd uit aminozuur tryptopan Remmend
INDOLAMINE
ACETYLCHOLINE Acetylcholine (Ach) Kleine moleculaire neurotransmitter Meestal stimulerend
Gevormd door toevoeging van acetylgroep
aan choline molecuul
UNCONVENTIONAL - Nitric oxide (NO) Kunnen makkelijk door membranen heen, Stimuleren second messenger
SOLUBLE GASSES Carbon monoxide (CO) bestaan maar enkele seconden, worden Retrogade transmission (feedback signalen van
omgezet in andere moleculen. postsynaptic neuron naar presynaptic neuron)
UNCONVENTIONAL - Anandamide vergelijkbaar met THC Meeste effecten op presynaptische neuronen,
ENDOCANNABINOIDS remming van synaptische transmissie.
NEUROPEPTIDES Pituitary peptides Eerst hormonen, afgegeven door pituitary
Hypothalamic peptides Eerst hormonen, afgegeven door
hypothalamus
Brain-gut peptides Eerst ontdekt in darmen
Miscellaneous peptides Alle overige neuropeptide neurotransmitters
NEUROPEPTIDES - Endorphins Vergelijkbaar in structuur delen van opium
OPIOID Enkephalins Endogenous = natuurlijk in lichaam
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