This is an in-depth, detailed summary of the anatomy of the musculoskeletal system. It includes muscle origins, insertions, actions, nerve and blood supply etc. It contains all the work covered in ANA 152. This summary is color-coded and has great diagrams. It was compiled using lecture slides and ...
MUSCLES
INTRODUCTION:
• 3 Types:
• Voluntary- Conscious doing (lift arm)
• Involuntary- Not conscious (blinking)
• Cardiac- Specialized muscle (heartbeat)
• Muscle attachments:
• Attach to bone
• Fibres connect via connective tissue
• Bone - tendon
• Muscle - aponeurosis
• Nomenclature: Commented [ll1]: NBNB
Is there a bone named after muscle? X = location Y = bone(s) attached to
1. Shape - delta ( ) / trapezius (Table)
2. Fibre direction - oblique (internal oblique) / erect (rectus abdominis)
3. Location - brachialis (brachium) / supraspinatus (supraspinatus fossa)
4. Movement - pronator teres / flexor carpi radialis
5. Number of attachments - triceps / biceps
6. Bone(s) attached to - coracobrachialis (coracoid process and arm) /
sternocleidomastoid (sternum/clavicle/mastoid process)
• How muscles work:
• Muscles pull not push!!!
• Origin - proximal - where attaches - no landmarks - powerhouse/anchor/strength
• Insertion - distal - action will be - landmarks
• Act FROM INSERTION onto origin - CANNOT be on same bone (no
action/pull/movement)
, • Most muscles of brachium originate from the scapula
• Most muscles of scapula originate on the thorax
THE UPPER LIMB: Commented [ll2]: Identify all+action+innervation
Can ask to describe= everything
List
Follow up questions
LQ
• Origin:
• 4 slips on C1-C4 transverse processes
• Insertion:
• Med. border of scapula
• Action:
• Shoulder elevation
• Innervation:
• Branches of C3-C5
• Dorsal scapular/cervical
RHOMBOID MINOR/MAJOR
• Origin:
• T1-T4 spinous processes
• Lower end of nuchal lig.
• Insertion:
• Med. border of scapula
• Inf. to scapula spine
• Action:
• Holds scapula against thoracic wall
• Retraction of scapula
• Innervation:
• Dorsal scapular (C5)
, SERRATUS ANTERIOR
• Origin:
• Finger like processes from ribs 1-8
• Insertion:
• Med. side of scapula costal surface
• Action:
• Holds scapula against thoracic wall
• Protraction of scapula
• Scapula rotation during abduction
• Innervation:
• Long Thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
SUBCLAVIUS
• Origin:
• First rib/cartilage
• Insertion:
• Inf. surface of clavicle middle 1/3
• Action:
• Anchors/depresses clavicle
• Innervation:
• Nerve to subclavius (C5)
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