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Class notes

Class notes Infectología Medicina Interna

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Notes from the theoretical classes of Internal Medicine Infectious Diseases with relevant data and the most important for clinical practice

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  • May 24, 2023
  • 2
  • 2020/2021
  • Class notes
  • Dr. alvarez
  • All classes
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Zoonosis por un virus neurótropo causando encefalomielitis aguda. PATOGENIA
Usualmente es mortal cuando no hay trat oportuno. - PI: 30-90d  Es variable. Depende de la distancia de
herida al encéfalo.
ETIOLOGÍA - Se une a receptores nicotínicos.
- Familia: Rhabdoviridae - A.P: Cuerpos de Negri.
- Género: Lyssavirus
- Especies: Rabia CLÍNICA
- Cepas: FASE DE EXCITACIÓN 80% (2-14d)
o Virus Calle: Periodo de incubación prolongado y - Desorientación
variable, invade glándulas salivales y formación de - Alucinaciones
cuerpos de Negri. - Agresividad
o Virus Fijo: Periodo de incubación más corto, no - Hiperreflexia
invade glándulas salivales, no produce cuerpos de - Rigidez de nuca
Negri. - Fasciculaciones
- Convulsiones
EPIDEMIOLOGÍA Puno, Pucallpa, Loreto, San Martín. - Espasmos laríngeos  Generan salivación excesiva
- Hiperactividad del sistema simpático
RABIA URBANA Taquicardia, midriasis, sialorrea, sudoración profusa
 Perro es el principal transmisor. Otros: Gatos, vacunos,
caballos carneros, cerdos. FASE PARALÍTICA 20%
- Alteraciones motoras y sensitivas en regione
RABIA SILVESTRE cercanas a su mordedura
 Murciélago vampiro es el principal transmisor. Otros: - Parálisis flácida ascendente (similar a Sd Guilla
Zorrillo, tejón, mono, zorro gris, mapache. Barré)
 Mordedura es una herida pequeña no dolorosa. - Disturbios respiratorios, pérdida de contro
esfinteriano y parálisis bulbar
- Compromiso progresivo de conciencia
Confusión  Desorientación  Estupor  Coma 
Muerte

DIAGNÓSTICO

- Inmunofluorescencia directa
- Cultivo del virus / PCR


- Cuerpos de inclusión intracitoplasmáticas (Cuerpos d
Negri).
- Detección de Ag por Ac fluorescentes

¿Qué hacer ante el contacto con un animal con sospecha de
rabia?
- Manejo de herida y catalogar el tipo de exposición
- Captura y observación del animal agresor
- Definir uso de suero antirrábico y/o uso de vacuna


TRATAMIENTO DE HERIDA
 Limpieza inmediata con abundante agua y jabón
 La herida no debe ser suturada
 Para mordeduras graves y profundas  Suturas flojas
 Amoxi + Ac clavulánico, Doxiciclina
 Vacunación antitetánica

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