FNP Leik System Review Question and answers rated A+ 2023

FNP Leik System Review Question and answers rated A+ 2023Chapter 4 (Preventive Health) ... Sensitivity (SNOUT) Negative results rules out the disease. Sensitivity test are good at identifying the positive markers of disease. So good that it is more prone to report false positives. So a negative result is more definitive Specificity (SPIN) Positive results rules in the disease. Specificity tests are good at identifying the negative marker of a disease. So good that is more prone to report false negatives. So a positive result is more definitive. Primary Prevention Prevent the disease in its entirety. Examples include healthy diet, exercise, safety (helmets/seatbelts), immunizations, and job safety Secondary Prevention Early detection of a disease. Examples include screening tests Tertiary Prevention Rehabilitation of a disease. Examples include support groups, education for pts with pre-existing disease, drug side effect safety, medical equipment safety, any type of rehab like PT or OT Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines (USPSTF) Onset = 50yo. Biannual. Stop at age 74yo. No SBE. Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines (ACA) Onset = 40yo. Annual. No stop age. Cervical cancer screening guidelines Onset=21yo (immunocompromised individuals start at onset of sexual activity). Every 3 years Pap w/ no HPV test until 30yo. Pap and HPV test after 30 yo and can begin screening every 5 years. Stop at age 65yo. Complete hysterectomy means no Pap unless pt has history of cervical cancer or high grade lesion. Colorectal cancer Onset 50yo. 1) colonoscopy q 10 years if wnl, 2) sigmoidoscopy q 5 years if wnl, 3) annual FOBT with 3 stool samples. Stop age 75 yo. Prostate cancer USPSTF does not recommend screening with PSA but it based on individual pt. Lipid screening Onset 18-35/45yo screen if at increased risk of heart disease. Males >35yo and Females >45yo Flu vaccine LAIV - Live virus can only be given to healthy non-pregnant 2 -49 yo w/o recent hx of asthma (Peds). Cautioned or C/I in pts with egg, gentamicin or gelatin allergy and kids receiving aspirin therapy (Reye's syndrome). TIV (trivalent inactivated vaccine) is approved for >6months. Tetanus vaccine Q 10 years. Booster for dirty wounds if last TDAP/Td is > 5 years old. >7yo receive Td/TDAP. Avoid in egg allergy and Gullian Barre. 5 doses of DTAP aka Pediarix (2,4,6,15 months and 5 yo) First TDAP is at age 11-12yo. Td is the booster every 10 years or if someone has never had TDAP (came out in 2005) then they should have a one time dose of TDAP and then continue with Td boosters. Pneumococcal vaccine PCV 23 given one time at age 65 yo in healthy adults and for persons who are 2 years and older and at high risk for pneumococcal disease (e.g., those with sickle cell disease, HIV infection, or other immunocompromising conditions). PPSV23 is also recommended for use in adults 19 through 64 years of age who smoke cigarettes or who have asthma. One time booster given 5 years after first dose (So non-healthy pts will receive 2 doses of PSV23 over their lifetime). PCV 13 is for <5 yo. When both PCV13 and PPSV23 are indicated, PCV13 should be administered first; PCV13 and PPSV23 should not be administered during the same visit. When indicated, PCV13 and PPSV23 should be administered to adults whose pneumococcal vaccination history is incomplete or unknown. Varicella Vaccine 60 yo. May be given to pts who have previously had shingles. May be given earlier at age 50yo. Live virus so c/I include pregnancy and immunocompromised.