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Samenvatting: criminologische psychologie
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Dit is een volledige samenvatting van het vak criminologische psychologie: slides + eigen nota's + inhoudstafel.
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Criminologische Psychologie 1,Inhoudsopgave
1. HOOFDSTUK 1: FORENSISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE – EEN INTRODUCTIE .................................................................. 6
1.1. FORENSISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE ≠ ............................................................................................................................ 6
1.2. FORENSISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE = ............................................................................................................................ 6
1.3. PSYCHOLOGIE & RECHT .................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.1. BOTSINGEN IN DE PRAKTIJK................................................................................................................................. 8
1.4. FP IN BEWEGING ............................................................................................................................................ 9
2. HOOFDSTUK 2: DE ONTWIKKELING VAN ANTISOCIAAL GEDRAG ................................................................... 10
2.1. DE AARD EN HET VOORKOMEN VAN JEUGDDELINQUENTIE ....................................................................................... 10
2.2. PSYCHIATRISCHE VISIE.................................................................................................................................... 10
2.2.1. DSM -V.............................................................................................................................................................. 10
2.2.2. OPPOSITIONELE-OPSTANDIGE STOORNIS (ODD) .................................................................................. 11
2.2.3. PERIODIEKE EXPLOSIEVE STOORNIS ...................................................................................................... 12
2.2.4. NORMOVERSCHRIJDENDE-GEDRAGSSTOORNIS .................................................................................. 12
2.2.5. DOCUMENTAIRE................................................................................................................................................. 13
2.3. THEORIËN ONTWIKKELING ANTISOCIAAL GEDRAG ................................................................................................. 13
2.3.1. UITGANSPUNTEN VAN DE THEORIEËN ONTWIKKELING ANTISOCIAAL GEDRAG ................................................ 14
2.3.2. “WETMATIGHEDEN” .......................................................................................................................................... 14
2.4. HET BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAAL MODEL (BELANGRIJK MODEL) ........................................................................................ 15
2.4.1. DRIE NIVEAUS IN THEORIEËN............................................................................................................................. 16
2.4.2. EFFECTEN VAN STRESS ...................................................................................................................................... 16
2.5. ONTWIKKELINGSTHEORIEËN ANTISOCIAAL GEDRAG ............................................................................................... 17
2.6. ONTWIKKELINGSPADEN IN KAART BRENGEN ........................................................................................................ 18
2.6.1. ONTWIKKELING VAN DIVERSE PROBLEEMGEDRAGINGEN (LOEBER & HAY, 1994)/LOEBER THEORIE ............. 18
2.6.2. DE MOFFIT THEORIE .......................................................................................................................................... 19
2.6.3. HET MODEL VAN PATTERSON ............................................................................................................................ 22
2.7. PROTECTIEVE FACTOREN................................................................................................................................. 23
2.7.1. SAPROF – JEUGDVERSIE (DE VRIES ROBBÉ, GEERS, STAPEL, HILTERMAN, & DE VOGEL, 2014) 24
3. HOOFDSTUK 3: PARTNERGEWELD................................................................................................................ 24
3.1. DEFINIËRING EN PREVALENTIE .......................................................................................................................... 24
3.1.1. GEWELDSVORMEN ............................................................................................................................................. 24
3.1.2. PARTNERGEWELD IN CIJFERS ............................................................................................................................. 25
3.1.3. PARTNERGEWELD EN KINDERMISHANDELING ................................................................................................... 25
3.1.4. PARTNERGEWELD EN DIERENMISHANDELING ................................................................................................... 26
3.1.5. PARTNERGEWELD IN CIJFERS ............................................................................................................................. 26
3.1.6. GEVOLGEN VAN PARTNERGEWELD.................................................................................................................... 26
3.1.7. ALLEMAAL GERELATEERD................................................................................................................................. 27
3.2. TYPOLOGIE PARTNERGEWELD .......................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.1. TYPOLOGIE PARTNERGEWELDENAARS .............................................................................................................. 27
3.2.2. TYPOLOGIE PARTNERGEWELD ........................................................................................................................... 29
3.2.3. TYPOLOGIE DYNAMIEK (PLEGER-SLO VERHOUDING) ....................................................................................... 30
3.3. PARTNERGEWELD: EEN COMPLEX GEGEVEN ......................................................................................................... 30
3.3.1. CYCLISCH VERLOOP PG ..................................................................................................................................... 30
3.3.2. RISICOFACTOREN ............................................................................................................................................... 31
3.3.3. PG ALS DYADISCH PROCES ................................................................................................................................ 32
3.3.4. GENEST ECOLOGISCH MODEL ............................................................................................................................ 32
3.3.5. DOORBREKEN VAN DE GEWELDSCYCLUS .......................................................................................................... 33
Criminologische Psychologie 2
,3.3.6. DOORBREKEN VAN CYCLUS: JURIDISCHE EVOLUTIE ......................................................................................... 33
4. HOOFDSTUK 4: STALKING ............................................................................................................................ 34
4.1. STALKING: DEFINIËRING EN PREVALENTIE ............................................................................................................ 34
4.1.1. DE JURIDISCHE VISIE .......................................................................................................................................... 34
4.1.2. DE PSYCHOSOCIALE VISIE .................................................................................................................................. 35
4.1.3. HET SLACHTOFFER............................................................................................................................................. 35
PREVALENTIE .................................................................................................................................................................. 36
4.2. EEN TYPOLOGIE VOOR STALKERS ....................................................................................................................... 36
4.2.1. TYPOLOGIE VAN MULLEN .................................................................................................................................. 36
4.2.2. CASUS GAERALD ............................................................................................................................................... 39
4.2.3. CASUS ALBERT .................................................................................................................................................. 39
4.2.4. CASUS SUSAN .................................................................................................................................................... 39
4.2.5. CASUS DENNIS ................................................................................................................................................... 40
4.2.6. CASUS ALAN ...................................................................................................................................................... 40
4.3. THEORETISCHE MODELLEN: GEWELD EN PERSISTENTIE ............................................................................................ 40
4.3.1. RELATIONAL GOAL PURSUIT THEORY (DIPAULA & CAMPBELL, 2002) ........................................... 41
4.3.2. CONTROLE EN MACHT........................................................................................................................................ 42
4.3.3. INTEGRATED THEORETICAL MODE OF STALKING VIOLENCE (THOMPSON, 2009) .............................................. 42
4.4. RISICO’S, RISICOFACTOREN EN RISICOTAXATIE ...................................................................................................... 43
4.4.1. STALKING RISK PROFILE .................................................................................................................................... 43
4.4.2. STALKING RISK PROFILE: DE RISICO’S ............................................................................................................... 43
4.4.3. STALKING RISK PROFILE: THE SMOKING GUN .................................................................................................... 43
4.4.4. STALKING ASSESSMENT MANAGEMENT (SAM) ................................................................................................ 43
5. HOOFDSTUK 5: ZEDENDELINQUENTIE ......................................................................................................... 44
5.1. DEFINITIES EN PREVALENTIE ............................................................................................................................ 44
5.1.1. EEN DEFINIËRING ............................................................................................................................................... 44
5.1.2. PSYCHIATRISCHE VISIE ...................................................................................................................................... 45
5.1.3. PREVALENTIE: PARAFILIE .................................................................................................................................. 48
5.1.4. PREVALENTIE: SEKSUEEL GEWELD .................................................................................................................... 49
5.1.5. PREVALENTIE MINDERJARIGEN ......................................................................................................................... 49
5.1.6. VROUWELIJKE PLEGERS ..................................................................................................................................... 50
5.1.7. ONLINE PLEGERS................................................................................................................................................ 50
5.2. THEORETISCHE MODELLEN .............................................................................................................................. 50
5.3. NIVEAU I: MICROTHEORIEËN ........................................................................................................................... 51
5.3.1. LAURENCE ......................................................................................................................................................... 51
5.3.2. TYPOLOGIE ........................................................................................................................................................ 52
5.3.3. TYPOLOGIE VERKRACHTING .............................................................................................................................. 52
5.3.4. TYPOLOGIE KINDERMISBRUIK: FBI-TYPOLOGIE................................................................................................ 52
5.3.5. BEPERKINGEN VAN EEN TYPOLOGIE .................................................................................................................. 53
5.4. NIEUWE II: UNIFACTORIËLE THEORIEËN .............................................................................................................. 53
5.4.1. COGNITIEVE DISTORTIES ................................................................................................................................... 53
5.4.2. ZELFREGULATIEMODEL (WARD EN HUDSON) ................................................................................................... 56
5.5. NIVEAU III: MULTIFACTORIËLE THEORIEËN .......................................................................................................... 57
5.5.1. FINKELHOR’S PRECONDITION MODEL ................................................................................................................ 57
5.5.2. ONTWIKKELINGSPADEN HUDSON ET AL. ..................................................................................................................... 58
5.6. RECIDIVE .................................................................................................................................................... 58
5.6.1. LEO .................................................................................................................................................................... 58
5.6.2. DAAN ................................................................................................................................................................. 58
5.6.3. RECIDIVECIJFERS ............................................................................................................................................... 59
5.6.4. RECIDIVECIJFERS BELGIË .................................................................................................................................. 60
Criminologische Psychologie 3
, 5.6.5. RISICOFACTOREN ............................................................................................................................................... 60
5.6.6. RISICOTAXATIE-INSTRUMENTEN ....................................................................................................................... 60
5.6.7. RISICOFACTOREN STATISCH .............................................................................................................................. 60
5.6.8. RISICOFACTOREN DYNAMISCH .......................................................................................................................... 61
6. HOOFDSTUK 6: PSYCHOPATHIE.................................................................................................................... 61
6.1. PSYCHOPATHIE, EEN OMKADERING ................................................................................................................... 61
6.1.1. VANUIT EEN GESCHIEDKUNDIG KADER ........................................................................................................................ 62
6.1.2. PREVALENTIE ......................................................................................................................................................... 65
6.1.3. RELEVANTIE VOOR FORENSISCH WERK ........................................................................................................................ 65
6.2. DE METING VAN PSYCHOPATHIE ....................................................................................................................... 66
6.2.1. DE PSYCHOPATHY CHECKLIST REVISED ........................................................................................................................ 66
6.2.2. DE PCL-R: DE PRAKTIJK ........................................................................................................................................... 68
6.2.3. LTERNATIEVE MEETINSTRUMENTEN ........................................................................................................................... 68
6.3. DE ONTWIKKELING VAN PSYCHOPATHIE .............................................................................................................. 68
6.3.1. PSYCHOPATHIE BIJ MINDERJARIGEN, REDENEN TOT CONTROVERSE .................................................................................. 68
6.3.2. RISICOFACTOREN ................................................................................................................................................... 69
6.3.3. VERKLARINGSMODELLEN: EEN AFFECTIEF/COGNITIEF DEFICIT ......................................................................................... 70
6.4. THERAPEUTISCHE EN JURIDISCHE IMPLICATIES ...................................................................................................... 71
6.4.1. KLINISCHE PESSIMISME ............................................................................................................................................ 71
6.4.2. JURIDISCHE PESSIMISME .......................................................................................................................................... 72
7. HOOFDSTUK 7: MENTALE STOORNISSEN EN CRIMINALITEIT ......................................................................... 72
7.1. PREVALENTIE EN MENTALE STOORNISSEN ........................................................................................................... 72
7.1.1. PREVALENTIE GEDETINEERDENPOPULATIE ....................................................................................................... 72
7.1.2. PREVALENTIE PROBATIE- STEEKPROEF ............................................................................................................. 73
7.1.3. PREVALENTIE FORENSISCHE PSYCHIATRIE ........................................................................................................ 74
7.1.4. MAAR… ............................................................................................................................................................. 74
7.2. PSYCHOTISCHE STOORNISSEN: EEN ILLUSTRATIE .................................................................................................... 75
7.2.1. PSYCHOTISCHE STOORNISSEN: EEN DEFINIËRING .............................................................................................. 75
7.2.2. PREVALENTIE GEWELD (TER ILLUSTRATIE) ....................................................................................................... 76
7.2.3. RISICOFACTOREN VOOR GEWELD GEPLEEGD DOOR PERSONEN MET SCHIZOFRENIE (EN ANDERE
PLEGERGROEPEN) ............................................................................................................................................................ 76
7.3. ONTOEREKENINGSVATBAARHEID ...................................................................................................................... 77
7.3.1. ONTOEREKENINGSVATBAARHEID...................................................................................................................... 77
7.3.2. INTERNERING ..................................................................................................................................................... 77
7.3.3. RECHTERLIJKE BESLISSINGEN TOT INTERNERING.............................................................................................. 77
7.3.4. HET FORENSISCH PSYCHIATRISCH DESKUNDIGENONDERZOEK ......................................................................... 78
7.3.5. CASUS ................................................................................................................................................................ 78
7.3.6. MATE VAN ONTOEREKENINGSVATBAARHEID ................................................................................................... 79
8. HOOFDSTUK 8: RISICOTAXATIE EN -MANAGEMENT...................................................................................... 79
8.1. RISICOTAXATIE: WAAROM?............................................................................................................................. 79
8.1.1. CASUS ................................................................................................................................................................ 79
8.1.2. EEN NOODZAAK? ............................................................................................................................................... 79
8.1.3. WAAROM VOEREN WE RISICOTAXATIES UIT? .................................................................................................... 80
8.2. RISICOTAXATIE: WAT? ................................................................................................................................... 81
8.2.1. WAT EN WAAROM? ............................................................................................................................................ 81
8.2.2. RISICOFACTOREN ............................................................................................................................................... 82
8.2.3. DRIE BENADERINGEN ......................................................................................................................................... 83
8.2.4. DRIE BENADERINGEN – 1 ONGESTRUCTUREERD KLINISCH OORDEEL ................................................................ 83
Criminologische Psychologie 4
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