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Summary OCR A Level Notes : Organic Chemistry
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Organic ChemistryBASIC CONCEPTS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY : 4.1.1
what is general formula
the simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series. E.g.
Alkane: CnH2n+2
what is the structural formula
the minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
what is the displayed formula
the formula displaying the relative poisition of the atom and its bonds
between them in the compound
what is the skeletal formula
the simplified organic formula shown by removing the hydrogen bonds and
leaving the carbon skeleton and the functional groups
what is the definition of functional groups
group of atoms repsonsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound
what is the definition of a homologous series
a series of organic compounds containing the same functional group
with successive members differing by -CH2
Different functional groups
what is the alkyl group
group with the general formula CnH(2n+1)
what is aliphatic
compound containing carbon and hydrogen atoms arranged in straight
or branched chain or non aromatic rings
what is alicyclic
Organic Chemistry 1
, compound containing carbon and hydrogen atoms arranged in non
aromatic rings
what is aromatic
organic compound containing a benzene ring
what is saturated
an organic compound that only contains single C-C bonds
Isomerism
what is a structural isomers
structural isomer is when compounds have the same moleuclar formula
but a different arrangements of atoms
Reaction Mechanism
what is homolytic fission
when a covalent bond breaks each bonded atom recieves one elctron
each leaving 2 radicals
what is heterolytic fission
when a covalent bond breaks one bonded atom recieves both of the
electrons pair leaving two oppositely charged ions
what is radical
a species with an unpaired electron
what does the curly arrow represent
movement of a pair of electrons
ALKANES : 4.1.2
Properties of Alkanes
what are sigma bonds
type of covalent bond that is when atomic orbitals overlap head on
can rotate
what is the boiling point trend of alkanes as the carbon chain increases
Organic Chemistry 2
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