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Mens en samenleving: gezin samenvatting

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Mens en samenleving het onderdeel 'gezin'. Geziene leerstof: gezin en armoede, gezin en diversiteit, gezin en echtscheiding en visie op armoede

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  • May 30, 2023
  • 27
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary
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GEZIN EN RELATIES
SAMENVATTING APRIL 2023



Inhoud
Gezin en armoede.....................................................................................................................................................3
1. Kansarmoede.....................................................................................................................................................3
2. Het gezinsinkomen............................................................................................................................................3
3. De gezinsuitgaven..............................................................................................................................................4
4. Verhouding gezinsinkomen-gezinsuitgaven......................................................................................................4
5. Kinderarmoede..................................................................................................................................................5
5.1 Cijfers over kinderarmoede.........................................................................................................................5
5.2 De aanpak van kinderarmoede...................................................................................................................6
Gezin en diverstiteit..................................................................................................................................................7
1. Diversiteit op vlak van gezinssamenstelling, een sociologische benadering....................................................7
1.1 Kerngezin.....................................................................................................................................................7
1.2 Ongehuwd samenwonenden......................................................................................................................7
1.3 Nieuw samengesteld gezin..........................................................................................................................7
1.4 Eenoudergezin.............................................................................................................................................8
1.5 Holebigezin..................................................................................................................................................8
1.6 Co-ouderschap na scheiding.......................................................................................................................8
1.7 Latgezin........................................................................................................................................................9
2. Diversiteit op vlak van etnische achtergrond, een antropologische benadering.............................................9
2.1 Migratie in België.........................................................................................................................................9
2.2 Kenmerken van de gezinnen van niet-EU-herkomst...................................................................................9
2.3 De samenstelling van de gezinnen van niet-EU-herkomst.........................................................................9
2.4 De culturele kenmerken van de gezinnen van niet-EU-herkomst............................................................10
3. Diversiteit in gezinsfunctioneren, een psychologische benadering................................................................10
3.1 Gezinscohesie............................................................................................................................................10
3.2 Gezinsaanpassing......................................................................................................................................11
3.3 Gezinsopvoeding.......................................................................................................................................11
4. Diversiteit op vlak van gezinstypes, een historische benadering...................................................................12
4.1 Het patriarchale gezin...............................................................................................................................12
4.2 Het kostwinners gezin...............................................................................................................................12
4.3 Het tweeverdieners gezin.........................................................................................................................13
Gezin en echtscheiding............................................................................................................................................14

, 1. Echtscheiding, sociologisch-demografisch bekeken.......................................................................................14
2. Echtscheiding, psychologisch bekeken...........................................................................................................15
3. Echtscheiding, economisch bekeken...............................................................................................................16
4. Echtscheiding, juridisch bekeken....................................................................................................................17
5. Echtscheiding, pedagogisch bekeken..............................................................................................................18
Visie op armoede.....................................................................................................................................................20
1. Structurele uitsluitingsmechanismen..............................................................................................................20
2. Effecten op de gevoelswereld.........................................................................................................................20
3. Effecten op kennisopbouw..............................................................................................................................21
4. Effecten op het verwerven van vaardigheden................................................................................................21
5. Ongeziene krachten........................................................................................................................................21
6. Effecten op participatie van mensen in armoede...........................................................................................22
7. Tot slot.............................................................................................................................................................22
Multiproblemgezinnen............................................................................................................................................23
1. De definitie en kenmerken van multi-problem gezinnen...............................................................................23
2. Problemen op huishoudelijk vlak....................................................................................................................23
3. Problemen op vlak van de maatschappelijke positie......................................................................................24
3.1 Socio-economische status.........................................................................................................................24
3.2 Financiële problemen................................................................................................................................24
3.3 Culture of Poverty.....................................................................................................................................24
4. Problemen in de opvoeding............................................................................................................................25
5. Problemen in de individuele ontwikkeling van de gezinsleden......................................................................25
5.1 Fysieke gezondheid...................................................................................................................................25
5.2 Intelligentie................................................................................................................................................26
5.3 Psychische problemen persoonlijkheid.....................................................................................................26
5.4 Apathy-futtility syndroom.........................................................................................................................26
6. Problemen op relationeel vlak........................................................................................................................26
6.1 De levenscyclus van multi-problem gezinnen...........................................................................................26
6.2 Interactiepatronen....................................................................................................................................27

, GEZIN EN ARMOEDE

1. KANSARMOEDE

Armoede  financiële tekort

Kansarmoede  multiaspectuele armoede-situatie

Kenmerken kansarmoede:

 Laag inkomen
 Uitsluiting op vlak van
o Opleiding en vorming
o Huisvesting
o Welzijn en gezondheid
o Vrijetijdsbesteding en cultuur
o Politieke en sociale zeggingskracht

Definitie Kind en Gezin
Kansarmoede= is een toestand waarbij mensen beknot worden in hun kansen om voldoende deel te hebben
aan maatschappelijk hooggewaarde goederen (onderwijs, arbeid, huisvesting) Het gaat niet om een eenmalig
feit, maar om een duurzame toestand die zich voordoet op verschillende terreinen zowel materiële als
immateriële.



Evolutie in Gent:
Dieptepunt in 2012
Grootste verklaring

 Instroom van grote groep Oost-Europeanen
 Stijgende levenskost
 Vluchtelingencrisis




2. HET GEZINSINKOMEN

Gezinsinkomen bestaat uit: alle inkomsten de men haalt uit…

 Arbeid
 Sociale vergoedingen
 Beleggingen
 Toevallige inkomsten

Grote regionale en plaatselijke verschillen:
Vlaanderen is rijker dan Wallonië
Randgemeenten zijn rijker dan centrumsteden
Grote verschillen aan de kust

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