Sociaal werk verkennen gegeven door Marijke Pruyt.
In deze samenvatting vind je deze onderwerpen:
- Sociaal werk en globale definitie
- Mensenrechten en grondrechten
- Sociaal werk en opleidingen in historisch perspectief
- Kenmerken voor het sociaal werk
- Breedte van sociaal werk
- Rollen ...
sociaal werk en opleidingen in historisch perspectief
kenmerken voor het sociaal werk
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Arteveldehogeschool (Artevelde)
Sociaal Werk
Sociaal Werk Verkennen
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SOCIAAL WERK VERKENNEN
JUNI 2023
Inhoud
Sociaal werk en globale definitie Sociaal werk.........................................................................................................6
1. Een boom als metafoor voor sociaal werk........................................................................................................6
2. Sociaal werk in de kijker: enkele initiatieven (niet)..........................................................................................6
3. De globale definitie...........................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Doelen.........................................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Participatieve methodologie.......................................................................................................................7
3.3 Principes......................................................................................................................................................7
3.4 Onderbouwing door kennis.........................................................................................................................7
3.5 Sociaal werk engageert...............................................................................................................................8
4. Is een definitie nuttig?.......................................................................................................................................8
Mensenrechten en grondrechten.............................................................................................................................9
1. Mensenrechten.................................................................................................................................................9
1.1 Omschrijving................................................................................................................................................9
1.2 Thema’s.......................................................................................................................................................9
1.3 Eerste generatie mensenrechten................................................................................................................9
1.4 Tweede generatie mensenrechten.............................................................................................................9
1.5 Derde generatie mensenrechten................................................................................................................9
1.6 Universele Verklaring van de Rechten van de Mens................................................................................10
2. Grondrechten..................................................................................................................................................10
2.1 Grondwet: artikel 23.................................................................................................................................10
2.2 Grondwet: artikel 24.................................................................................................................................10
2.3 Organieke wet OCMW...............................................................................................................................10
3. Mensenrechten onder druk............................................................................................................................11
Sociaal werk en opleidingen in historisch perspectief............................................................................................12
1. Sociaal werkpraktijk in de middeleeuwen (476-1500)....................................................................................12
2. Sociaal werkpraktijk in de nieuwe tijd (1500 – 1789).....................................................................................13
3. Sociaal werkpraktijk in de nieuwste tijd (1789 – 1945)..................................................................................14
4. Sociaal werk in de eigentijdse tijd (1945 – heden).........................................................................................15
5. Ontstaan van de opleidingen voor sociaal werk – vanaf 1900 - heden..........................................................16
Kenmerkend voor sociaal werk...............................................................................................................................19
1. Sociaal werk: vier basismethodieken..............................................................................................................19
Pagina 1 van 76
, 1.1 Basismethodiek 1: werken met individuen, gezinnen en nabije contexten.............................................19
1.2 Basismethodiek 2: werken met groepen..................................................................................................19
1.3 Basismethodiek 3: werken aan en in organisaties....................................................................................19
1.4 Basismethodiek 4: werken aan en in beleid.............................................................................................20
2. Sociaal werk: enkele spanningsvelden............................................................................................................20
2.1 Tussen leefwereld en systeemwereld.......................................................................................................20
2.2 Tussen aanpassingslogica en veranderingslogica.....................................................................................20
3. Sociaalwerkconferentie schuift 5 krachtlijnen naar voor...............................................................................21
3.1 Nabijheid en laagdrempelig werken.........................................................................................................21
3.2 Politiserend werken..................................................................................................................................22
3.3 Procesmatig werken..................................................................................................................................22
3.4 Generalistisch werken...............................................................................................................................22
3.5 Verbindend werken...................................................................................................................................22
De breedte van het sociaal werk.............................................................................................................................23
Domeinen............................................................................................................................................................23
Algemene hulp- en dienstverlening................................................................................................................23
Armoede en sociale uitsluiting........................................................................................................................24
Arbeid en economie........................................................................................................................................24
Cultuur en vrije tijd..........................................................................................................................................25
Gezin en opvoeding.........................................................................................................................................25
Geestelijke gezondheid...................................................................................................................................25
Jeugdwerk.......................................................................................................................................................26
Justitie.............................................................................................................................................................26
Leefomgeving en internationale solidariteit...................................................................................................26
Migratie...........................................................................................................................................................27
Onderwijs en vorming.....................................................................................................................................28
Ouderen...........................................................................................................................................................29
Personen met een beperking..........................................................................................................................29
Hét sociaal werk bestaat niet..............................................................................................................................30
Sociaal werk praktijken...................................................................................................................................30
HET BESTAAN niet WANT … het is anders naargelang….................................................................................30
HET BESTAAT NIET WANT … SOciaal werk is voortdurend in beweging.........................................................31
CONCLUSIE......................................................................................................................................................31
Rollen, taken van het SOW en handelingskaders...................................................................................................32
ROllen van sociaal werk.......................................................................................................................................32
Verschillende rollen van het SOW...................................................................................................................32
Mensenrechten voor een handelingskader........................................................................................................32
Pagina 2 van 76
, SYsteemwereldgericht handelen....................................................................................................................33
leefwereldgericht handelen............................................................................................................................33
participatief handelen.....................................................................................................................................34
politiserend handelen.....................................................................................................................................35
ontgrenzend handelen....................................................................................................................................36
Discours en tendensen............................................................................................................................................37
Drie dominante discours.....................................................................................................................................37
Wat is een dominant discours?.......................................................................................................................37
Biomedisch discours........................................................................................................................................37
Neoliberaal discours........................................................................................................................................38
Positivistisch Juridisch discours.......................................................................................................................39
bELANG VAN DOMINANTE DISCOURS TE BEGRJIPEN.....................................................................................40
tendenzen en SOW..............................................................................................................................................40
mAATSCHAPPELIJKE TENDENSEN...................................................................................................................40
De nevenbouw van het sociaal werk......................................................................................................................42
iNLEIDEND...........................................................................................................................................................42
FORMEEL EN INFORMEEL WERKEN....................................................................................................................42
Formeel werken..............................................................................................................................................42
Informeel werken............................................................................................................................................43
Verhouding tussen formeel en informeel werken..........................................................................................43
Spanningen bij de wisselwerking tussen formeel en informeel werken........................................................44
Sterk op sociaal werk zet in op triadisch werken............................................................................................44
SAMEN MET VELEN.............................................................................................................................................45
1. Mantelzorg..................................................................................................................................................45
2. Zelfhulpgroepen..........................................................................................................................................45
3. Zelforganisaties...........................................................................................................................................45
4. Vrijwilligers..................................................................................................................................................46
5. Samenwerken met overheden....................................................................................................................46
6. Samenwerken met multidisciplinaire teams...............................................................................................46
7. Samenwerken met ervaringsdeskundigen..................................................................................................46
8. Samenwerkingsverbanden, netwerken......................................................................................................46
De bovenbouw van het sociaal werk......................................................................................................................49
Inleidend..............................................................................................................................................................49
Welzijn is een belangrijk beleidsdomein.........................................................................................................49
Het beleidsdomein welzijn is een complex domein........................................................................................50
Multigovernance.................................................................................................................................................50
Verschillende beleidsniveaus Vlaams, federaal, lokaal...................................................................................50
Pagina 3 van 76
, Multigovernance rond sociaal/welzijsnbeleid................................................................................................50
Focus op het welzijns/sociaal beleid op federaal, Vlaams en lokaal niveau......................................................51
De rol van elk beleidsniveau...........................................................................................................................51
Rol van het federale niveau............................................................................................................................51
Rol van het Vlaamse niveau............................................................................................................................52
Rol van het lokale niveau................................................................................................................................52
SOW is niet vrijblijvend en vraagt een grondhouding............................................................................................54
SOW, een semi-professie....................................................................................................................................54
Een professie: 5 dimensies..............................................................................................................................54
SOW, een professie? 5 dimensies...................................................................................................................54
SOW, een professie?.......................................................................................................................................54
SOW is waardenwerk (normatieve professionaliteit).........................................................................................55
Sociaal werk is waardenwerk..........................................................................................................................55
SOW werkt binnen normatieve ruimte...........................................................................................................55
Normatieve ruimte: beroepsethiek SOW........................................................................................................56
Normatieve ruimte: het mandaat van de SOW'er..........................................................................................56
Discretionaire ruimte......................................................................................................................................56
SOW vergt een professionele grondhouding......................................................................................................57
Handelen met kennis......................................................................................................................................57
reflecteren over handelen...............................................................................................................................57
handelen en zijn..............................................................................................................................................57
SOW, een krachtig en kwetsbaar beroep................................................................................................................58
Kern van SOW......................................................................................................................................................58
Globale definitie..............................................................................................................................................58
Krachtig en kwetsbaar.....................................................................................................................................58
Mensenrechten...............................................................................................................................................58
5 Krachtlijnen & Handelingskaders.................................................................................................................59
4 Basismethodieken........................................................................................................................................59
3 Methodes.....................................................................................................................................................59
Functies en rollen............................................................................................................................................60
Kracht en kwetsbaarheid van methodieken, methodes, rollen......................................................................60
In een spreidstand...........................................................................................................................................60
Waardenwerk..................................................................................................................................................60
In een complexe context.....................................................................................................................................61
Breedte SOW...................................................................................................................................................61
SOW op het snijpunt van…..............................................................................................................................61
SOW, een semi-professie: 5 dimensies...........................................................................................................62
Pagina 4 van 76
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