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HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN Book-PDF 2022/2023
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HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN Book-PDF 2022/2023
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HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN Book-PDF 2022/20231.fluid volume excess also another word for? - Correct answer - HYPERvolemia
2.definition of fluid volume excess - Correct answer - too much fluid in the vascular space ( any vessel in our body ex: vein , artery)
3.what are 2 causes of fluid volume excess? - Correct answer - heart failure -renal failure
4.heart failure ( HF) means what? - Correct answer - the heart is weak
-the cardiac output is DOWN -kidney perfusion is DOWN -urinary output is DOWN -the volume stays in the vascular space
5.renal failure( RF) means what? - Correct answer - kidneys arent working
6.what are three things that contain A LOT of sodium? - Correct answer - canned process foods -IVF with sodium -fleet enemas
7.Aldosterone ( steroid, mineralocorticoid) is found where? - Correct answer - adrenal glands ( on top of the kidneys)
8.what is the normal action of aldosterone ? - Correct answer When your blood volume gets low through for example vomiting or hemorrhage, the aldosterone secretion increases and makes your body retain sodium and water and therefore increases the blood volume
HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN Book-PDF 2022/2023 9.aldosterone makes us retain what? - Correct answer SODIUM AND WATER
10.when aldosterone secretion increases ----> retain sodium/water---> blood volume goes ________ ----> retain in ______________________ - Correct answer - up -vascular space
11.what two diseases have too much aldosterone? - Correct answer - cushings ( too much steroids) -hyperaldosterosteronism ( aka: CONNS)
12.what disease has too little aldosterone? - Correct answer - Addisons disease ( not enough aldosterone means you lose NA & water directly from the vascular space)
13.when taking a Anti-diuretic hormone ( ADH) do you retain or diurese? - Correct answer - retain
14.when taking a anti-diuretic what do you retain ? - Correct answer - water
15.when you have too much ADH what happens in the body ? - Correct answer - RETAIN water -fluid volume EXCESS -Syndrome of inappropriate ADH ( TOO MANY LETTERS TOO MUCH WATER ) -urine is CONCENTRATED ( too much ADH and NA ) -blood is DILUTED
16.when you have not enough ADH what happens in the body ? - Correct answer - DIURESE water -fluid volume DEFICIT -DI ( diabetes insipidus) DIurese -urine is DILUTED -blood is CONCENTRATED
HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN Book-PDF 2022/2023 17.when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test strip if the urine is concentrated will it make the numbers go up or down? - Correct answer - UP
18.when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test strip if the urine is diluted will it make the numbers go up or down? - Correct answer -
down
19.where is ADH found ? - Correct answer - pituitary gland
20.what should you think about first when you think your patient has a ADH problem? - Correct answer head injuries ( craniotomy, increase ICP )
21.transsphenoidhypophysisectomy - Correct answer all the way through ( across) sinus pituitary removal
22.what are some drugs that are anti diuretic hormones ( ADH) - Correct answer - vasoPRESSIN
23.*ends in PRESSINS)
24.what are some S?S of fluid volume excess? - Correct answer - distended neck veins/ peripheral veins ( VESSELS ARE FULL) -third spacing -lungs are CRACKLED -polyuria -pulse INCREASED ( palpate the artery) -Blood pressure INCREASES ( more volume = more pressure ) -weight INCREASES
25.what is the treatment for fluid volume excess? - Correct answer - low NA diet -restrict fluids -daily I& Os and weights
HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN Book-PDF 2022/2023 26.what are some diuretics you can give to help FVE? - Correct answer - FurosemIDE ( lasix ) ( DECREASES K+) -drugs that end in IDE !!!!!
27.what is an example of a potassium spraing drug ? - Correct answer - spironolactone ( retain K+)
28.when thinking of fluid retention you should think what first? - Correct answer - HEART PROBLEMS
29.bed rest induces _________ by the release of ___________- and lowers the production of ____________- - Correct answer - diurese
-ANP
-ADH
30.what is another word for fluid volume deficit? - Correct answer - HYPOvolemia
31.when you have a big time deficit you should think what first ? - Correct answer - SHOCK
32.what are the three causes of Fluid volume deficit? - Correct answer - loss of fluid from annywhere -third spacing -diseases with polyuria
33.what is third spacing? - Correct answer - when fluid is in a place that does you no good 34.ex: burns, ascites ( measure abdominal girth daily/ worry about HYPOtension)
HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN Book-PDF 2022/2023
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