Essay
Alevel organisational psychology cognitive theories of motivation answer
- Course
- Institution
An in-depth written answer on " Describe what psychologists have learned about cognitive theories of motivation. 8m "
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
KJ30
Content preview
Describe what psychologists have learned about cognitive theories of motivation? (8m)Para 1: goal setting theory, Locke and Latham
Para 2: Expectancy theory, Vroom
Para 3: Equity theory ,Adam
Firstly, the cognitive theory of motivation the goal-setting theory proposed by Locke and Latham
in 1984, suggested that setting specific goals produces higher levels of performance than setting
vague goals. Specific and challenging goals are more likely to motivate a person it leads to better
execution. Setting of goals is based on five principles known as 4 CF. Clarity of goals should be
maintained and able to measure. The goal should have a challenge that is linked to rewards to
increase motivation. The complexity of goals refers to when the goal should be designed in a
way that it is completed within a time period. Commitment to goals must be kept on accepted
for increasing effectiveness. Gaining feedback on a task is highly vital as it gives the individual a
chance to discover their strong and weak areas. Adding to it the smart method of goal setting
was also developed from these five principles where the goals must be specific, measurable
achievable realistic and time specific.
Expectancy theory by Vroom in 1964 eplicates the behavioral process in which a person selects
a behavioral option over another and how this decision takes place in correspondence to their
aim of achieving the goal. Overall ,Vroom states that employees motivation is an outcome of the
significance of associated by them about the expected outcome which refers to valance.
Expectancy is the faith that better efforts will result in better performance. It is influenced by
factors such as availability of right resources, crucial information or getting the required support
for the completion of job. Instrumentality refers to the perception that well performance will
lead to a valid reward and is often affected by the clarity of relationship between performance
and outcomes.
Finally, in 1963, the Equity theory proposed by Adams calls for a fair balance to be maintained
between an employee's inputs such as experience, skills or hard work, and their outputs such as
salary, benefits, or recognition. The significant factor of this theory tends to be comparison with
others. Humans compare themselves with other workers in similar posts to check the equity of
their own position. If a worker finds someone in the same post as theirs being paid considerably
more despite being less experience will be categorized as underpayment equity. The worker can
seek ways to reduce their demotivation for example by decreasing their input or quality of
work. Whereas, if a worker feels that they are being rewarded more than they deserve after
comparison with others, this overpayment equity can be satisfied by working hard or asking for
additional work.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller KJ30. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.29. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
66579 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now