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Samenvatting welzijn en criminologie
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Samenvatting welzijn en criminologieInhoudsopgave
DEEL 1: Welzijn.............................................................................................................................................. 5
HOC1: introductie, welzijnszorg en de verzorgingsstaat als interventiecontext...............................................5
1.1. Onderzoek.....................................................................................................................................................5
1.2. Theorieën (die criminaliteit verklaren)..........................................................................................................5
1.3. Opbouw van de cursus..................................................................................................................................5
1.3.1. Deel 1: de context..................................................................................................................................6
1.3.2. Deel 2: de criminoloog als actor............................................................................................................6
1.4. Cursusmateriaal/examen..............................................................................................................................6
1.5. Cursusinformatie...........................................................................................................................................7
1.6. Verzorgingsstaat: definitie en omschrijving..................................................................................................7
1.6.1. Types verzorgingsstaat..........................................................................................................................8
1.6.2. Origines..................................................................................................................................................8
1.6.3. De Belgische verzorgingsstaat...............................................................................................................8
1.7. Welzijnszorg: omschrijving..........................................................................................................................11
1.7.1. Evolutie van welzijnszorg.....................................................................................................................11
1.7.2. Uitdagingen..........................................................................................................................................11
HOC2+3: armoede........................................................................................................................................ 14
2.1. Armoede inleiding.......................................................................................................................................14
2.1.1. Armoede in woord...............................................................................................................................14
2.1.2. Armoede in beeld................................................................................................................................14
2.1.3. Armoede in cijfers................................................................................................................................14
2.2. Armoede, hoe kijken we ernaar?................................................................................................................15
2.3. Definitie.......................................................................................................................................................15
2.4. Grote kloven tussen mensen in armoede en de maatschappij...................................................................17
2.5. Armoedebeleid............................................................................................................................................18
2.5.1. Evolutie................................................................................................................................................18
2.5.2. Acties...................................................................................................................................................18
2.5.3. De actieve welvaartstaat.....................................................................................................................18
2.5.4. Armoede en sociale zekerheid............................................................................................................19
2.5.5. Waarom neemt armoede niet af?.......................................................................................................19
2.5.6. De nieuwe sociale kwestie...................................................................................................................19
2.6. Armoede en criminaliteit.............................................................................................................................20
2.6.1. Armoede en detentie...........................................................................................................................21
2.6.2. Armoede leidt tot detentie..................................................................................................................21
2.6.3. Armoede en detentie: conclusie.........................................................................................................22
HOC4: Sociale kaart: werkvelden, OCMW & CAW, bedenkingen bij onwelzijn...............................................22
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, 4.1. De sociale kaart...........................................................................................................................................23
4.1.1. Als constructie.....................................................................................................................................23
4.2. Indeling interventies....................................................................................................................................24
4.2.1. Horizontaal..........................................................................................................................................24
4.2.2. Verticaal...............................................................................................................................................25
4.2.3. Concrete voorbeelden.........................................................................................................................25
4.3. Algemeen welzijnswerk...............................................................................................................................26
4.3.1. Het OCMW...........................................................................................................................................26
4.3.2. Het CAW (Centrum Algemeen Welzijn)...............................................................................................26
4.3.3. Uitdagingen..........................................................................................................................................27
4.4. Bedenkingen bij onwelzijn...........................................................................................................................28
HOC5: Observeren, interpreteren, diagnosticeren en rapporteren, begrijpen en ingrijpen............................28
5.1. Observeren..................................................................................................................................................28
5.1.1. Observeren = Kiezen............................................................................................................................29
5.1.2. Observaties ‘vertalen’ = interpreteren................................................................................................29
5.2. Observeren/interpreteren...........................................................................................................................29
5.2.1. Taal hanteren = macht.........................................................................................................................29
5.2.2. Foutenbronnen....................................................................................................................................29
5.3. Diagnose......................................................................................................................................................30
5.4. Rapportage..................................................................................................................................................30
5.4.1. Is constructie van verhaal....................................................................................................................30
5.4.2. Rapportage = storytelling....................................................................................................................31
5.4.3. Is een lezing van de sociale werkelijkheid...........................................................................................31
5.4.4. Deontologie.........................................................................................................................................31
5.4.5. Methodologie......................................................................................................................................31
5.4.6. Oefening..............................................................................................................................................32
5.5. Begrijpen of ingrijpen..................................................................................................................................34
5.5.1. Begrijpen = ingrijpen............................................................................................................................35
5.6. Luisteren is vaak al heel effectief................................................................................................................35
HOC6: Basiscommunicatie............................................................................................................................ 36
6.1. Actief luisteren............................................................................................................................................36
6.1.1. Waarom?.............................................................................................................................................36
6.1.2. Basis.....................................................................................................................................................36
6.1.3. Empathie..............................................................................................................................................36
6.1.4. Echtheid...............................................................................................................................................37
6.1.5. Verkennen van onechtheid.................................................................................................................37
6.1.6. Aanvaarding.........................................................................................................................................37
6.1.7. Zelfaanvaarding...................................................................................................................................37
6.1.8. Concreet...............................................................................................................................................37
6.1.9. Is moeilijk.............................................................................................................................................40
6.2. Communicatie-axioma’s..............................................................................................................................40
6.2.1. Axioma 1..............................................................................................................................................40
6.2.2. Axioma 2..............................................................................................................................................41
6.2.3. Axioma 3..............................................................................................................................................41
6.2.4. Axioma 4..............................................................................................................................................42
6.2.5. In de praktijk........................................................................................................................................42
DEEL 2: Praktische dingen die je moet weten................................................................................................43
HOC7: Beroepsgeheim................................................................................................................................. 43
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, 7.1. Beroepsgeheim............................................................................................................................................43
7.2. Belang van beroepsgeheim.........................................................................................................................43
7.3. Terminologie...............................................................................................................................................44
7.4. Voor wie?.....................................................................................................................................................44
7.5. Beroepsgeheim vs. Ambtsgeheim...............................................................................................................45
7.6. Discretieplicht..............................................................................................................................................45
7.7. Geheim........................................................................................................................................................45
7.8. Schending....................................................................................................................................................46
7.9. Uitzonderingen op beroepsgeheim.............................................................................................................46
7.9.1. Artikel 458bis.......................................................................................................................................46
7.9.2. Artikel 458ter.......................................................................................................................................47
7.9.3. Rechtvaardiging/schulduitsluiting.......................................................................................................48
7.9.4. Artikel 422bis Strafwetboek ‘schuldig verzuim’..................................................................................48
7.9.5. Gedeeld en gezamenlijk beroepsgeheim............................................................................................49
7.10. Gegevensuitwisseling binnen Integrale Jeugdhulp...................................................................................49
7.11. Besluit........................................................................................................................................................49
7.12. De kern van beroepsgeheim is vertrouwen...............................................................................................50
7.13. Uitdagingen praktijk.................................................................................................................................50
7.14. Extra informatie........................................................................................................................................50
HOC8: Hulp- en hoopverlening..................................................................................................................... 50
8.1. Trajecten van hoopverlening.......................................................................................................................51
8.2. Opdracht.....................................................................................................................................................51
8.2.1. Documentaire 1: Relatie is beweging..................................................................................................51
8.2.2. Documentaire 2: Samen mens zijn......................................................................................................53
8.2.3. Het is wat het nodig heeft...................................................................................................................54
HOC9: Omgaan met specifieke situaties: hulpverlening onder druk, slachtoffers/overlevers.........................56
9.1. Wat is de forensische setting?.....................................................................................................................56
9.1.1. Triade...................................................................................................................................................56
9.2. Vrijwilligheid en dwang...............................................................................................................................57
9.2.1. Discussie macht en gezag....................................................................................................................57
9.2.2. Nieuwe kijk..........................................................................................................................................58
9.3. Hulpverlening onder druk.......................................................................................................................59
9.3.1. Mogelijkheden.....................................................................................................................................59
9.3.2. Risico’s en knelpunten.........................................................................................................................59
9.4. Thema’s in hulpverlening............................................................................................................................60
9.4.1. Veiligheid.............................................................................................................................................60
9.4.2. Motivatie..............................................................................................................................................60
9.4.3. Context.................................................................................................................................................62
9.5. Slachtoffers..................................................................................................................................................62
9.5.1. Trauma.................................................................................................................................................62
9.5.2. Verwerken van schokkende gebeurtenis............................................................................................63
9.5.3. PTSS......................................................................................................................................................63
9.6. Slachtofferhulp CAW...................................................................................................................................64
9.6.1. Vier pijlers............................................................................................................................................64
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